STUDY KELAYAKAN 'APOTEK GUBERNURSURYO GRESIK'

apotek gubernur suryo
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1. Latar Belakang
Kesehatan merupakan anugerah
Tuhan yang sangat berharga bagi
manusia. Karena dengan keadaan
yang sehat, manusia dapat
melakukan aktivitas di dalam
kehidupannya. Memang, kesehatan
bukanlah segalanya, tetapi tanpa
kesehatan segalanya tiada artinya.
Oleh karena itu hendaknya manusia
selalu memelihara kesehatannya.
Dewasa ini, masalah kesehatan
menjadi salah satu perhatian utama
bagi masyarakat. Banyaknya kasus
mengenai berbagai penyakit yang
timbul membuat masyarakat lebih
memperhatikan masalah kesehatan.
Jika semula kebutuhan akan
kesehatan lebih dititikberatkan pada
upaya penyembuhan, kini telah
berangsur-angsur berkembang
menuju upaya kesehatan yang
menyeluruh, yakni berupa upaya
peningkatan kesehatan (promotif),
pencegahan penyakit (preventif),
penyembuhan penyakit (kuratif), dan
pemulihan kesehatan (rehabilitatif).
Adanya perubahan pandangan
masyarakat akan kebutuhan
kesehatan tersebut, menuntut peran
serta yang lebih besar bagi para
tenaga kesehatan untuk
mewujudkan tercapainya derajat
kesehatan yang optimal. Farmasis,
sebagai salah satu tenaga kesehatan
diharapkan ikut berperan serta
terutama mengenai masalah obat dan
perbekalan kesehatan. Peran serta
farmasis ini dapat dilakukan di
berbagai bidang / sarana kesehatan,
salah satunya adalah di apotek.
Apotek merupakan tempat
dilakukannya pekerjaan kefarmasian
dan penyaluran sediaan farmasi dan
perbakalan kesehatan lainnya kepada
masyarakat. Pekerjaan kefarmasian
yang dimaksud dalam hal ini adalah
penjaminan mutu sediaan farmasi dan
perbekalan kesehatan lainnya, yang
dimulai dari proses pengadaan,
penyimpanan, pendistribusian obat
termasuk juga pelayanan obat atas
resep dokter dan pelayanan
informasi oabt.
Peran serta apotek dapat
ditinjau dari dua aspek, yaitu aspek
pelayanan kefarmasian dan aspek
manajerial apotek. Aspek pelayanan
kefarmasian berkaitan dengan
pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan
apotek kepada masyarakat.
Sedangkan aspek manajerial berkaitan
dengan pengelolaan apotek sehingga
apotek dapat terus tumbuh dan
berkembang.
Dalam hal aspek manajerial
apotek, selain masalah pengelolaan
administrasi dan keuangan yang baik,
masalah pemilihan lokasi berdirinya
apotek juga menjadi hal yang harus
diperhatikan. Karena pemilihan lokasi
apotek dapat menentukan
perkembangan suatu apotek . Suatu
apotek hendaknya berdiri di tempat
yang banyak di ketahui oleh
masyarakat atau dekat dengan
sarana pelayanan publik, misalnya di
dekat pasar, terminal, rumah sakit dan
sebagainya. Selain itu apotek juga
harus mudah di jangkau dan di akses
oleh masyarakat sebagai konsumen
apotek.
Mengingat keberadaan Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” selama ini yang
kurang mudah di akses dan diketahui
publik, maka dengan berbagai
pertimbangan, akhirnya
dilakukannlah perpindahan lokasi
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”, yang
semula berada di Jl. Gubernur Suryo
Sub Terminal Stand No 30-32 menjadi
Jl. Gubernur Suryo No 28 Gresik.
Pemilihan lokasi Apotek yang baru ini
didasarkan atas pertimbangan letak
apotek yang dekat dengan sarana
publik seperti pasar, terminal dan mal.
Selain itu lokasi tersebut juga dapat
dengan mudah diketahui dan di akses
oleh masyarakat mengingat letaknya
yang dekat dengan jalan raya.
Dengan demikian diharapkan Apotek
“Gubernur Suryo” dapat memberikan
kontribusi terhadap kebutuhan
masyarakat akan kebutuhan obat
dan perbekalan kesehatan serta
dapat berkembang menjadi lebih baik
dari sebelumnya.
2. Visi Apotek
Apotek “Gubernur Suryo”
diharapkan menjadi sebuah unit
pelayanan kesehatan yang
terpercaya bagi masyarakat dengan
memberikan pelayanan yang
bermutu dan menyediakan obat dan
perbekalan kesehatan yang lengkap
dengan harga yang terjangkau.
1. Misi Apotek
1. Apotek “Gubernur Suryo”
merupakan sarana pendistribuasian
sediaan farmasi dan perbekalan
kesehatan yang terjamin mutunya
denagn harga yang terjangkau bagi
masyarakat.
2. Menjadikan Apotek “Gubernur
Suryo”
sebagai tempat pelayanan
kefarmasian yang berdasarkan
prinsip Pharmaceutical Care
3. Menjadikan Apotek “Gubernur
Suryo”
sebagai rujukan bagi masyarakat
dalam memperoleh pelayanan dan
informasi obat
4. Menjadikan Apotek “Gubernur
Suryo”
sebagai unit usaha yang dapat terus
tumbuh dan berkembang sehingga
dapat memberikan kesejahteraan bagi
anggotanya.
4. Tujuan Apotek
1. Tujuan Umum
Apotek “Gubernur Suryo”
merupakan sarana kesehatan yang
menjadi tempat pengabdian profesi
bagi farmasis sekaligus sebagai unit
usaha dengan memberikan jaminan
mutiu terhadap pelayanan
kefarmsain yang berdasarkan
pharmaceutical care
1. Tujuan Khusus
1. Apotek “Gubernur Suryo” sebagai
sarana pengabdian profesi apoteker
dimana dilakuakan pekerjaan
kefarmasian dan penyaluran
perbekalan farmasi kepada
masyarakat baik melalui resep
maupan swamedikasi secara tepat
dan terjamin kualitasnya.
2. Apotek “Gubernur Suryo” sebagai
wadah dalam praktek pharmaceutical
care demi kesejahteraan pasien
dengan menggunakan rasionalitas
penggunaan obat (tepat, aman,
efektif dan terjangkau) dalam
pelayanan demi peningkatan kualitas
hidup pasien.
3. Apotek “Gubernur Suryo” sebagai
sarana yang dapt ikut serta
meningkatan kesadaran dan
pemahaman masyarakat tentang
penggunaan obat dan perbekalan
farmasi lainnya secara rasional yang
aman, tepat dan cost effective.
4. Apotek “Gubernur Suryo” sebagai
tempat berwirausaha dan
mengembangkan usaha.
5. Manfaat Pendirian Apotek
Pendirian Apotek “Gubernur Suryo
diharapkan dapat memberikan
manfaat antara lain :
1. Aktualisasi profesi farmasi di
masyarakat dengan melakukan
pekerjaan kefarmasian dan
penyaluran perbekalan farmasi
kepada masyarakat.
2. Peningkatan kesejahteraan pasien
melalui praktek pharmaceutical care
dengan mengutamakan rasionalitas
penggunaan obat (tepat, efektif,
aman dan terjangkau) dalam
pelayanannya.
3. Peningkatan kesadaran dan
pemahaman masyarakat tentang
penggunaan obat dan perbekalan
farmasi lainnya.
4. Tersediaanya obat dan perbekalan
farmasi lainnya yang terjamin mutu
dan kualitasnya dengan harga yang
terjangkau.
5. Sebagai wadah berwirausaha
untuk
pencapaian kesejahteraan dan
tumbuh kembang apotek.
2.1 Studi Kelayakan
Sebelum suatu apotek
mengalami perpindahan lokasi atau
tempat, perlu dilakukan studi
kelayakan terlebih dahulu untuk
menganalisa apakah lokasi Apotek
yang baru cukup layak atau mampu
bertahan dan memberi keuntungan
secara bisnis yang lebih baik
dibandingkan dengan keberadaan
apotek di lokasi sebelumnya.
Dalam hal pemilihan lokasi
apotek yang baru hendaknya
mempertimbangkan keadaan sekitar,
misalnya adanya sarana kesehatan
baik rumah sakit ataupun praktek
dokter. Selain itu hendaknya dipilih
daerah yang dekat dengan pusat
keramaian seperti pasar atau terminal
dan juga pemukiman penduduk.
Diharapkan dengan lokasi yang
strategis, apotek dapat berkembang
dengan baik.
Selain itu faktor-faktor
yang perlu diperhatikan dalam studi
kelayakan antara lain :
1. Product
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
merupakan bidang usaha yang
menghasilkan produk dan jasa yang
saling terkait. Apotek ”Gubernur
Suryo” berusaha menyediakan
produk yang terjamin kualitasnya
selain juga memberikan pelayanan
berupa konseling dan informasi
mengenai obat dan perbekalan
farmasi lainnya kepada masyarakat.
Dalam usaha menyediakan
produk, perlu dipertimbangkan
kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar yang
didasarkan pada pola penyakit yang
terjadi, musim yang mempengaruhi
perkembangan suatu penyakit, iklan
yang sedang marak atau juga
kebutuhan masyarakat pada waktu-
waktu tertentu.
Dengan melakukan
evaluasi terhadap kondisi Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” selama ini, dapat
diketahui percepatan perputaran
obat dan perbekalan farmasi yang
ada. Hal ini dapat dijadikan
pertimbangan mengingat lokasi
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo” yang baru
tidak terlalu jauh dari lokasi
sebelumnya. Berdasarkan hasil
evaluasi, dapat diketahui pola
penyakit masyarakat sekitar atau
konsumen Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
adalah
infeksi pernapasan saluran akut
(ISPA)
diabetes mellitus
hipertensi
allergi
kolesterol dan asam urat
2. Price
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
berusaha memberikan harga yang
wajar dan terjangkau oleh
masyarakat. Harga ini sangat
berperan dalam menarik minat
masyarakat untuk membeli obat di
apotek, apalagi mengingat bahwa di
dekat Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo” juga
terdapat apotek lain. Hal-hal yang
menjadi pertimbangan dalam
penentuan harga di Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” antara lain :
tingkat ekonomi masyarakat
harga pembelian obat
beban usaha apotek
harga obat di apotek lain
3. Place
Lokasi sangat
berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan
hidup suatu apotek. Apotek
Gubernur Suryo berada di Jl.
Gubernur Suryo No. 28 Gresik.
Berdasarkan survey yang telah
dilakukan, dapat diketahui kondisi di
sekitar apotek, yaitu :
1. Lokasi Apotek
Berada di kelurahan Tlogopojok
Gresik
Jumlah penduduk ± 1500 KK
Pekerjaan penduduk : - Pedagang 40
%
- Karyawan, bururh
pabrik / PNS 25 %
- Wiraswasta 20 %
- Dll 15 %
1. Letak Apotek dengan Sarana
kesehatan
Puskesmas nelayan ± 250 m
Klinik dan laboratorium Syifa ± 30 m
Apotek Al Wardah ± 30 m
Praktek dokter Sri Hartatik
Praktek dokter Eni
Praktek dokter Singgih
Praktek dokter M. Rusydi
1. Letak Apotek dengan sarana publik
Di depan mall Ramayana
Di depan kompleks ruko Multi Sarana
Plasa
Sebelah barat Terminal Gubernur
Suryo Gresik
Pasar kota Gresik ± 200 m
Pasar baru Gresik ± 100 m
SD Tlogopojok ± 150 m
Pondok Pesantren Hidayatur Rohmah
± 150 m
4. Promotion
Promosi merupakan cara
untuk memperkenalkan apotek
kepada masyarakat. Karena Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” bukanlah suatu
apotek yang baru berdiri, maka
keberadaan Apotek ”Gubernur
Suryo” sudah diketahui banyak
orang. Akan tetapi promosi tetap
diperlukan agar masyarakat
mengetahui keberadaan apotek yang
baru. Cara-cara yang ditempuh
Apotek ”Gubernur Suyo” dalam
melakukan promosi antara lain :
Membuat papan nama apotek
Membuat pemberitahuan tentang
perpindahan lokasi apotek
Menyebarkan leaflet kepada
masyarakat sekitar
1. Personel
Sumber daya manusia
merupakan salah satu modal penting
dalam pengelolaan apotek. Pemilihan
SDM yang ramah, tanggap dan ahli
dibidangnya serta bertanggung
jawab dapat mendukung
keberhasilan apotek. Penentuan
jumlah tenaga yang dibutuhkan,
dilakukan dengan
mempertimbangkan anggaran serta
kemampuan dalam memberikan
pelayanan. Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
mempunyai 4 SDM yang terdiri dari
seorang Apoteker, seorang Asisten
Apoteker dan 2 orang karyawan.
6. Proses
Proses merupakan kinerja
Apotek untuk mencapai tujuannya.
Proses ini meliputi perencanaan
pengadaan yang tepat dan efisien,
sistem administrasi yang baik,
penyimpanan dan pendistribusian
yang tepat serta pelayanan yang
bermutu, dimana semua proses
tersebut didasarkan pada Standart
Operational Prosedur (SOP).
7. Performance
Penampilan fisik suatu
apotek mempunyai peran yang
cukup besar untuk menimbulkan
kesan bagi masyarakat dan untuk
menarik minat masyarakat untuk
masuk dan membeli kebutuhan
perbekalan kefarmasian. Oleh karena
itu Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
berusaha untuk menampilkan
performance yang menarik bagi
masyarakat, antara lain dengan :
Ruang tunggu yang nyaman
Tempat pelayanan yang nyaman
Desain penataan obat yang menarik
pasien
Kebersihan yang terjaga
Penerangan yang cukup
Adanya fasilitas penunjang, seperti
televisi dan koran / majalah
2.2 Analisis SWOT
Analisis SWOT merupakan prosedur
sistematis untuk mengidentifikasi
berbagai peluang-peluang
(opportunities) dan ancaman-
ancaman (threats) dan elemen
internal untuk mengidentifikasi
kekuatan-kekuatan (strengths) dan
kelemahan-kelemahan (weaknesses).
Analisis SWOT Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” dapat dijabarkan
sebagai berikut :
1. Kekuatan-kekuatan (strength)
Merupakan Apotek yang sudah lama
berdiri dan dikenal masyarakat
Merupakan Apotek cabang dari
Apotek Bhirawa Anoraga
APA dan PSA merupakan penduduk di
daerah dekat dengan lokasi apotek
2. Kelemahan-kelemahan
(weaknesses)
Lokasi Apotek yang baru
3. Peluang-peluang (oppotunities)
Apotek terletak di wilayah
pemukiman yang padat penduduk
Apotek terletak dekat dengan sarana
layanan publik, seperti pasar, mall dan
terminal serta dekat dengan saran
kesehatan seperti praktek dokter,
klinik dan laboratorium.
Apotek terletak di tepi jalan raya
yang mudah di akses oleh kendaraan
dan dilewati oleh kendaraan umum.
4. Ancaman-ancaman (threats)
Terdapat apotek lain yang letaknya
tidak terlalu jauh dari apotek
Dengan memahami analisis
SWOT tersebut, maka Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” akan senantiasa
berusaha meningkatkan kualitas
pelayanan dan juga pengelolaan
apotek sehingga diharapkan dapat
terus tumbuh dan berkembang.
3.1 Bangunan
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
didirikan di atas lahan dengan luas
bangunan 3,5 m x 14 m. Bangunan
tersebut terdiri dari beberapa bagian
antara lain :
1. Ruang tunggu
2. Ruang pelayanan yakni tempat
penerimaan resep, pembayaran,
penyerahan obat dan konseling
3. Ruang peracikan dan penyimpanan
obat
4. Tempat pencucian alat (wastafel)
5. Toilet
6. Musholla
Bangunan apotek dicat
dengan warna krem dengan dinding
keramik dan juga lantai keramik yang
berwarna krem.
3.2 Kelengkapan Bangunan
Sebagai sarana penunjang kegiatan di
apotek, maka apotek dilengkapi
dengan :
Sumber air bersih
Penerangan yang cukup
Alat pemadam kebakaran
Ventilasi bangunan yang baik
Sanitasi lingkungan yang baik
3.3. Identitas Apotek
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
mempunyai 2 macam identitas
apotek, yaitu :
Identitas di luar, berupa neon box
Identitas di dalam, berupa papan
nama yang dipasang di ruang
tunggu
3.4 Perlengkapan dan Peralatan
Apotek
Perlengkapan yang disediakan
sebagai penunjang kegiatan apotek
antara lain :
1. Perlengkapan dan alat untuk
perbekalan farmasi, terdiri dari
Lemari kaca untuk obat-obat OTC dan
komoditas lainnya
Lemari kayu untuk menyimpan obat
Lemari khusus tempat penyimpanan
narkotika dan psikotropika
Lemari pendingin
2. Perlengkapan kegiatan administrasi
dan pelayanan
Tempat penerimaan resep dan
pembayaran
Tempat penyerahan obat dan KIE
Meja kursi untuk kegiatan administrasi
Tempat penyimpanan arsip-arsip dan
buku-buku penunjang
Tempat penyimpanan persediaan
peralatan apotek
Telepon
3. Perlengkapan dan alat peracikan
Meja dan kursi peracikan
Timbangan dan anak timbangan
Mortir dan stamper
Saringan, sudip dan kuas
4. Wadah pengemas dan
pembungkus
Etiket
Kertas perkamen
Plastik pengemas dan pembungkus
5. Alat administrasi
Blanko surat pesanan obat, narkotika
dan psikotropika
Blanko salinan resep
Blanko kuitansi
Blanko kartu stok obat
Form laporan penggunaan narkotika,
psikotropika dan obat generik
Buku-buku administrasi (buku
pembelian, buku penerimaan obat,
buku pembukuan keuangan, buku
pencatatan narkotika dan
psikotropika)
6. Fasilitas penunjang
Kursi untuk ruang tunggu
Televisi dan radio
Kipas angin
7. Buku-buku penunjang
Farmakope Indonesia Edisi IV
Buku peraturan perundang-
undangan tentang apotek
ISO dan MIMS
3.5 Denah Apotek
Penataan ruang di Apotek ”Gubernur
Suryo” dilakukan sedemikian rupa
sehingga menimbulkan kesan yang
nyaman dan teratur. Adapaun denah
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo” adalah :
3.6 Personel
Sumber daya manusia di Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” terdiri dari 4 orang
yaitu :
1 orang Apoteker Pengelola Apotek
(APA)
Merupakan penanggung jawab
seluruh kegiatan di apotek
1 orang asisten apoteker (AA)
Membantu apoteker dalam
memberikan pelayanan
2 orang karyawan
Membantu apoteker dalam bidang
administrasi
3.7 Sediaan Farmasi dan Perbekalan
Kesehatan
Apotek ”Gubernur Suryo”
menyediakan berbagai macam
sediaan farmasi dan perbekalan
kesehatan, antara lain :
No Sediaan
1 Obat bebas dan bebas terbatas
2 Obat keras, psikotropika dan
narkotika
3 Obat tradisional (jamu, herbal
terstandar, fitofarmaka)
4 Alat kesehatan
5 Lain-lain seperti susu, suplemen,
dsb
BAB IV
ANALISA KEUANGAN
4.1 Studi Perputaran Modal (Cash
Flow) Apotek
4.1.1 Alokasi Dana Perpindahan
Apotek
a. Biaya pembelian bangunan : Rp.
42.000.000,-
b. Biaya renovasi bangunan : Rp.
12.000.000,-
c. Biaya peralatan apotek
- etalase kaca : Rp. 2.500.000,-
- kursi tunggu : Rp. 300.000,-
- neon box : Rp. 300.000,-
- lampu : Rp. 300.000,-
d. Biaya perlengkapan apotek
- kuitansi, nota, copy resep, kartu
stok, SP : Rp. 150.000,-
- etiket dan plastik pembungkus : Rp.
100.000,-
- buku-buku dan alat tulis : Rp. 50.000,-
e. Biaya perijinan : Rp. 300.000,-
f. Biaya persediaan obat : Rp.
68.000.000,-
Rp.126.000.000,-
4.1.2 Rencana Pembiayaan (1 tahun)
a. Biaya gaji tetap
- gaji apoteker : 13 x Rp. 1.200.000,- =
Rp. 15.600.000,-
- gaji AA : 13 x Rp. 500.000,- = Rp.
6.500.000,-
- gaji karyawan (2 orang) : 13 x Rp.
800.000,- = Rp. 10.400.000,-
b. Beban biaya tetap
- Biaya listrik, air, telepon : 12 x Rp.
250.000,- = Rp. 3.000.000,-
- Biaya PBB = Rp. 70.000,-
- Biaya pajak reklame = Rp. 100.000,-
- Biaya suplai apotek : 12 x Rp. 40.000,-
= Rp. 480.000,-
c. Biaya penyusutan
- Biaya penyusutan pembelian
bangunan (5 %) = Rp. 2.100.000,-
- Biaya penyusutan renovasi (5 %) =
Rp. 600.000,-
- Biaya penyusutan peralatan apotek
(20 %) = Rp. 680.000,-
- Biaya penyusutan perijinan (30 %) =
Rp. 90.000,-
Rp. 39.620.000,-
4.1.3 Perkiraan Pendapatan (1 tahun)
a. Rata-rata Pendapatan Sebelum
Pindah
- Resep masuk perhari 2 lembar @ Rp.
50.000,- = Rp. 100.000,-
- Penjualan non resep = Rp. 750.000,-
Total penjualan per hari = Rp. 850.000,-
Total penjualan selama sebulan = 30 x
Rp.
850.000,-
= Rp. 25.500.000,-
Total penjualan selama setahun = 12 x
Rp.
25.500.000,-
= Rp. 306.000.000,-
b. Target Pendapatan Setelah Pindah
- Resep masuk perhari 5 lembar @ Rp.
50.000, = Rp. 250.000,-
- Penjualan non resep = Rp. 1.000.000,-
Target total penjualan per hari = Rp.
1.250.000,-
Target total penjualan selama sebulan
= 30 x Rp. 1.250.000,-
= Rp. 37.500.000,-
Target total penjualan selama
setahun = 12 x Rp. 37.500.000,-
= Rp. 450.000.000,-
c. Prosentase Peningkatan
Pendapatan Apotek Sebelum dan
Sesudah Pindah
% peningkatan = (Rp. 450.000.000,- ─
Rp. 306.000.000,-) x 100%
Rp. 306.000.000
= Rp. 144.000.000,- x 100 %
Rp. 306.000.000,-
= 47 %
4.1.4 Analisa Laba
Persediaan Laba (x %) Asumsi
penjualan (HJ) HB (HJ =
Resep 20 % Rp. 250.000,- Rp. 208.3
Non resep 15 % Rp. 1.000.000,- Rp.
869.5
Total Rp. 1.250.000,- Rp. 1.077.
HPP = HB = HV
Analisis laba
- omzet = Rp. 450.000.000,-
- HPP (86 %) = Rp. 387.000.000,-
- laba kotor = Rp. 63.000.000,-
- Biaya tetap = Rp. 39.620.000,-
- Laba bersih sebelum pajak = Rp.
23.380.000,-
- PPh = Rp. 1.169.000,-
- Laba bersih sesudah pajak = Rp.
22.211.000,-
4.2 Analisa Break Even Point (BEP)
Tahun Pertama
Asumsi biaya variabel = 86 % volume
penjualan
dengan hasil penjualan perbulan Rp.
23.583.333,- perbulan apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” tidak akan
mengalami keuntungan ataupun
kerugian. Sedangkan bila Apotek
”Gubernur Suryo” menginginkan
keuntungan sebesar Rp. 2.000.000,-
perbulan, maka hasil penjualan apotek
harus mencapai penghasilan sebesar
4.3 Return of Investment
Return of investment dicapai setelah

''apotek pharmacy''

Cardio protective VITAMIN
Hyperhomocysteinemia increases
risk factors yg pembulu trigger blood
disease of the heart, brain, and
peripheral blood pembulu
well as factors
INDEPENDENT such as cholesterol,
hypertension and diabetes
MECHANISM blood pembulu damage
caused by hyperhomocysteinemia
wrote among others:
form of cell damage endothelial cells
adhesivitas increase of platelet
increase in LDL accumulation in the
artery wall and abnormal coagulation
reply.
Folic Acid gift individually or together
with Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
proven to reduce serum
homocysteine levels.
Folic Acid acts as kosubstrat in
REMETILASI cycle.
While Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
serves as a cofactor in various
enzymes involved in homocysteine
reply remetilasi (synthetic methionin)
and transulfurasi (cystathionin b_
synthase and y_cystathionase)
VITAMIN E through antioxidant
effect helps reduce oxidation low_
density lipoprotein (LDL) which is a
risk factor for atherosclerosis
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 16:02 0
COMMENTS
WEDNESDAY, 2009 JANUARY 28
COST effectiveness of Itraconazole
Ketoconazole GRISEOFULVIN
INFECTION PREVENTION IN fungal
Indonesia yg geographical
conditions are tropical temperatures
and humidity dg eminence will grow
mold growth so that infection,
therefore, fungal infections become
the order of the 2 diseases most of
the incidence of skin disease.
Complaints depends kpd economic
level of life patients
if the person is such a weak economic
dg tukangbecak / housekeeper
ignored dull disease.
However, the middle class to the
top / prioritize the appearance of this
disease is something yg disease
problems.
(even people wonder why they can
suffer from this disease)
Antibiotics are GRISEOFULVIN is
fungistatik. In invitro griseofulvin
inhibits the growth of various
species of microsrorum.
Epidermophyton and trichophyton.
Pd using a peroral griseofulvin
absorbed lambat.dg reduce particle
size. Griseofulvin dumped in the
bottom cells of the epidermis. So the
new-formed keratin will still be
protected against fungal infections.
Griseofulvin is widely used in health
centers and hospitals.
griseofulvin can not be used to treat
dermatofitosis krn already resistant
to skin disease dermatofitosis species
groups.
Griseofulvin can not treat candida
group / anticipatory systemic
fungus / mushroom type deep
mycosis
GRISEOFULVIN: fulcin fungistop
griseofort griseofulvin (prafa)
mycostop rexavin
Ketoconazole is a synthetic
derivative of imidazol-like structure
with miconazol and clotsimazol.
Ketoconazole is an anti mikotik
effective systemic wrote
candida.coccipiodes immitis.
Cyptococcus neoformans.
Cpsulatum.dermantidis, Aspergillus.
And sporothrix.
Ketoconazole interfere with
ergosterol synthesis wrote an
important component in fungi
Ketoconazole is fungistatik
Ketoconazole also recently have
started resistant to several species
of mushrooms.
Ketoconazole is hepatoksis so
difficult to use long-term treatment
such as mushrooms and deepnycosis
systemic fungal disease.
(often the doctors forgot to reply to
the nature of systemic candida,
tertegakkan after postmortem
diagnosis)
Ketoconazole: anfuhex dermaral
dexazol dysfungal fexazol formyco
funet fungasol fungoral interzol
ketomed lusanoc muzoral mycoderm
mycoral mycozid nizol nizoral nofung
picamic profungal solinfec sporex
thicazol wizol zoloral zoralin zumazol
Itraconazole is an oral preparation of
new anti mikotik a wide spectrum.
How it works itraconazole resembles
the action Ketoconazole inhibits
cytochrome p_450 depeden of fungal
enzyme systems / ergosterol
function yg yg mensistesis is a vital
component of fungal cell membranes.
Itraconazole:
Short-term therapy: vuluovaginalis
for candidiasis. Pityriasis versicolor.
Dermatomikosis. Fungal keratitis and
candidal mouth.
Long-term therapy: treatment of
onychomycosis
histoplasmosis.sporotrichosis.
Paracoccidiodomycosis. Systemic
Blastomycosis
Itraconazole hitherto resistant and
not toksis and can be used for
systemic fungus
Itraconazole: forcanox fungitrazol
furolnok itzol nufatrac sporacid
sporanox spyrocon trachon unitrac
from the aforementioned drug drug
Merely commendatory fungisidal
itraconazole (can kill the spores) but
unfortunately a bit expensive so the
price is not affordable by all people.
KNOW WHAT HE WENT IN THE EARTH
AND WHAT YOU GET OUT THEREOF.
WHAT IS DOWN FROM THE SKY AND
WHAT UP HER (AL HADID: 4)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 12:30 0
COMMENTS
MONDAY, 2009 JANUARY 26
MODIFICATION OF USING probiotic
USUS
In some previous posts, have any
questions? How intestinal flora is
unbalanced due to the long-term
treatment with antibiotics.
USUS is a complex ecosystem and
wrote an important role in the
body's defense against aggression
from the outside environment,
THREE main factors are: MIKROFLORA,
LOCAL AND immune system mucosal
barrier.
normally, there is a balance between
saccharolitik flora and intestinal flora
in human proteolytic. Where the
results stated in the balance of
microbes.
Nuisance factors such as flora
saccharolitik example: alcohol, stress,
infections, antibiotics and
chemotherapy. This disrupts the
balance of flora and proteolytic
pekembangan posteriority will
improve pathological conditions such
as diarrhea, constipation, bloating
and more.
LACTOBACILLIUS acidophilus is a
normal part of the fermentation flora
adjuvant maintain the normal balance
of intestinal flora is.
Collapsible Lactobacillius live
acidophilus 2hari in gastric fluid, bile
5hari in pure and fluid 8hari in the
small intestine.
Produces acid and materials lakta
bactericidal substances such as:
lactocidin datau acidophilin.
Acidophilus LACTOBACILLIUS
physiological role in the state
through its ability mensitesa
vitamins, Traffic produces media dlm
intestinal microbes, to antibiotics are
automatically forwarded to the
derivatives, but not forwarded to
other organisms didlm body.
LACTOBACILLIUS probiotic
acidophilus is capable of increasing
population, thus reducing Bacteria
FRIENDLY growth of pathogenic
bacteria in the body, improve mineral
absorption in the gastrointestinal
tract miroekosistem.
Lactobacillus: dialac gastro_ad lacbon
lacidofil protexin rillus synbio
AND WE MAKE WATER FROM ALL
LIVING THINGS. Will they not ALSO
believe? (AL_ANBIYAA ': 30)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 10:08 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 25
"Pharmacies GOVERNOR SURYO"
"APOTEKER" provide the necessary
education, especially to those who
know very little and is active in
serving the patient or partner of
other health professions.
LIABILITIES "APOTEKER"
ensure service delivery to the
patient's medication management
with responsibilities in accordance
with the provisions in effect.
Maintaining and protecting
pharmaceutical sedian from the
weather. Temperature. Natural
disasters, insects. And the other
reply other causes menurunya drug
quality.
Maintain patient confidentiality.
Kebersian pharmacy environment.
Provide counseling and residential
terkenal information about the side
effects and contra indications of the
drug.
Ensure that dangerous drugs,
including narcotic drugs should only
be given if necessary.
Do srining recipes, maintaining the
quality of service
RIGHTS RIGHTS "APOTEKER"
get awards and rewards propriety.
Develop themselves. Received legal
protection. Refusing to conspiracy or
agreement contrary dg humanity
and justice.
FUNCTION "pharmacy" is a
comparison and control so as not
sedian pharmaceutical overused.
"Pharmacy" is also a balance between
the needs of drug and therapeutic
methods tehadap doctor-given
patient, so if there is doubt
comparison ARGUMENT reply sort
could give doctors early warning so
that non-MEDICATION ERROR
occurred.
Therefore, both the doctor and
pharmacy staff have a good close
relationship relationships reply
remind each other and mutual use of
the drug in case.
recently pharmacist and doctor
relationship is less harmonious.
This is because doctors often make
drug dispensing drugs themselves
or to give directly to the patient.
losses from dispensing prescriptions
is that patients have a non-
prescription in written form so that if
there is medication errors, patients
can sue doctors ill.
while if the patient would go to the
pharmacy. So patients gain a second
opinion with.
This second opinion is important to
prevent medication errors (giving
the wrong drug or dose is not
suitable)
administration of drugs by the
doctors make LIABILITY AND DRUG
CONTROL will become more difficult.
Given the types of drugs given yg
mana yg physician accountability
difficult.
Do you guarantee your doctor will
not prescribe to the patients limb. Or
is there any guarantee that these
physicians did not pursue the target
of MEDICAL REPERSENTATIFnya which
may give a lot of incentives if the
medicine is sold in greater numbers
the "APOTEKER" to inform the patient,
since patients did not know the
negative effects of chemical
substances in medicine. Moreover, if
patients are less educated. In terms
of their medicine is a remedy or
removal of disease. The more
medication then the sooner the pain
disappeared.
whereas in terms of drug dose
needed for explained, because the
effects of liver damage can occur if
someone drinks go too far specified
doses.
Doctors can only prescribe the form
of direct injection or if the patient's
condition and the immediate
emergency need medication.
doctors only did the diagnosis and
determine the patient's therapy.
Treatment is given in the form of
recipes that must be redeemed at the
pharmacy.
Level of satisfaction and patient
safety should be the main focus in
every service pharmacists.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 21:31 0
COMMENTS
SATURDAY, 2009 JANUARY 24
Metabolic MESTEROLON INFLUENCE ON
BODY
MESTEROLON compensate for the lack
of androgen formation began to
gradually decrease reply with age.
MESTEROLON suitable for treatment of
conditions attributable conditions by
androgen deficiency in the body.
commonly used to treat various
types of sexual dysfunction
resulting from well-endogenous
testosterone levels rendah.Dapat
reversed sexual problems and the
inability SPERMCOUNT.
Mesterolon not stimulate the body to
produce testosterone for but only a
verbal reply androgen replacement is
used.
MESTEROLONE is a synthetic anabolic
androgenic steroids (AAS).
strengthen the development of
muscles in healthy individuals or
individuals yg physical abilities.
MESTEROLONE add strength with the
addition of a small but completely
lean frame for gain.
penyalagunaan in the MESTEROLONE
sports athletes are often used as a
secret to increase metabolism.
MESTEROLONE 25mg (17b_hidroksi_1a_
metil_5a_androstan_3_on)
MESTEROLONE: there are at Merck
ANDROLON INFELON PROVIRON
Androgen deficiency:
3_4 initial dose 1tablet times a day, for
several months.
2_3tablet daily maintenance dose
Infertility in laki_laki: 4 tablets
(100mg) a day, for several months (in
the event of an erection that often or
continuously, the dose should be
reduced or discontinued medications
to prevent injury to the penis)
MUSCLE membukus formation of
bone.
MANI KEMUDIAN.AIR SOMETHING THAT
WE MAKE inherent, inherent THEN
SOMETHING THAT WE MAKE a piece of
meat, a piece of meat AND THAT WE
MAKE bones, bones THEN THAT WE
MEAT DGN packs. THEN, WE MAKING
OTHER shaped YG beings. HOLY GOD
ALMIGHTY. CREATOR OF THE GOOD. (AL
MU'MINUN_14)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 15:01 0
COMMENTS
FRIDAY, 2009 JANUARY 23
BETWEEN valsartan AND
TELMISARTAN
Valsartan is the angiotensin II
receptor antagonist. Ditujukkan
valsartan for treatment of high
blood pressure, of congestive heart
failure and post-myocardial infarction
FOUND some benefits in the use dlm
valsartan treatment and prevention
of Alzheimer's disease.
valsartan in the market there. Oral
tablets containing 40mg. 80mg.
160mg.
Valsartan: diovan
TELMISARTAN used to control high
blood
Yg TELMISARTAN adalalah specific
receptor antagonists angiotensin II
and effectively orally. intended for
treatment of hypertension,
treatment of essential hypertension.
TELMISARTAN after the first dose, yg
antihypertensive activity gradually
becomes visible in 3jam time. The
maximum decrease in blood pressure
is generally achieved within 4 to 8
weeks after starting treatment and
maintained during long-term
treatment. yg real relationship exists
between dose and time for the
return of systolic blood pressure to
normal. The recommended dose of
40mg once a day, some patients may
have succeeded with once-daily dose
of 20mg.
TELMISARTAN: micardis
Each org has a mouthful of blood
pressure for the blood supply
throughout the body. But if the
blood pressure becomes higher than
usual collapsible vessel damage in
such organs. Heart, kidney. Mata.dan
brain.
Hypertension is also accessible to feel
dizzy, especially if you stand too
quickly. If affected for up gradually
to avoid. If dizzy sitting or lying
down.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 04:48 0
COMMENTS
TUESDAY, 2009 JANUARY 20
As good as BRAND GENERIC DRUG
MERCK
Almost all prescriptions filled with
generic drugs. Yet I am often asked
whether the generic drug is very
good?
GENERIC DRUG is a copy from the nail
on the drug merek_nama same
dosage, intended use, effects, side
effects, risks, keselametan, and
strength as the original drug yg.
in other words FARMAKOLOGI exactly
the same effect.
Many people become concerned
because generic drugs are often
substantially cheaper than the
version merek_nama dg.
They wonder if the quality and
effectiveness has been compromised
for making a cheaper product.
Cheap GENERIC DRUG krn producers
have to finance the development and
marketing.
when a company brings kepasar
drug, the company wrote a lot of
money has been spent for RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT, MARKETING AND
PROMOTION MEDICINE.
kpd patents granted to firms
expanding drug an exclusive right
for selling obat_obatan for patents in
effect.
After the patent expires.
Manufacturers apply for permission
to make and sell generic versions of
drugs. No cost for drug
development, other companies could
reply for making and selling more
cheaply.
When some companies began
producing and selling drugs.
Competition among them can also be
pushed prices down further.
GENERIC DRUG VERSION sometimes
have to share the color, taste, or a
combination of active ingredients of
the drug ingredients horse's mouth.
However, the drug has the same
effect.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 19:30 0
COMMENTS
MONDAY, 2009 JANUARY 19
Nervous system and the SLEEP
SLEEP is the centerpiece of cessation
of employment feather-key. And this
situation occurs with a sudden ill. But
is grandual (gradually)
first first people affected feel like a
break and sleepy
stopped working due CENTER CENTER
Part of the neural network
Then this condition gradually spread
to other CENTER CENTER. And when it
stops working it into a
comprehensive and in depth in the
control center. Then there was the
perfect SLEEP.
SLEEP bring two physiological effect
highlight:
The first is a result pd neural network
The second is the result pd all organs
of the body.
The lack of sleep for long-time will
cause damage pd BRAIN AND
REACTION activity blockade.
The lack of sleep can lead to delays
THINK
sleep brings a real impact on the
maintenance reply nerve balance
among the various central network.
THERE IS NO LIFE WITHOUT SLEEP.
Human beings can starve for six
weeks, but she will die if you do not
sleep for ten days.
AND WE MAKE your sleep for rest, (AN
NABA: 9)
Who has made the NIGHT FOR YOU SO
YOU WILL rest therein (JONAH: 67)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 04:00 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 18
BETWEEN NIFEDIPIN and amlodipine
NIFEDIPIN: how nifedipin the
improvement of oxygen supply to
myocardial obvious. Accompanied by
decreasing oxygen demand.
A good ratio between the intensity
and duration of drug effect. And
good tolerance.
NIFEDIPIN working with selectively
inhibit the entry of calcium ions into
heart muscle cells and smooth muscle
pembulu without changing the
systemic blood levels of calcium in
serum, thus causing vasodilatation
effect.
In variant angina relief NIFEDIPIN
view gejalah resting angina
eliminating coronary artery spasm in
the heart, so the flow of oxygen to
the heart muscle increases. While the
benefits of classical angina pd drug
effects caused by the decline in heart
muscle needs, for oxygen and the
improvement of heart muscle
perfusion
Objective evidence about the effects
of the drug after oral therapy, even a
low dose dg.
NIFEDIPIN used for the treatment and
prevention of acute coronary
insufficiency and chronic (especially
angina pectoris, post-infarction
conditions) and as a therapeutic drug
for hypertension pelengkat. Dose
was giving between 5 _ 10mg.
Average daily dose 5_10mg 3kali day
NIFEDIPIN: calcianta righteousness
carvas cordalat coronipin farmalat
fedipin ficor nif_ten nifedin vasdalat
xepalat zendalat
Amlodipine
amlodipine cause dilation of
peripheral arterioles that minimize the
total peripheral resistance (afterload)
against the work of the heart.
Because the non-cause reflex
tachycardia, then go up the load on
the heart so that miokardial energy
consumption and decreased oxygen
demand
amlodipine cause dilated main
coronary arteries and coronary
arterioles. Pd Both normal and
ischemic conditions. This dilation
increases oxygen delivery miokardial
pd sparme patients with coronary
artery.
Amlodipine is indicated for the
treatment of hypertension and used
in the form of a single blood pressure
control for most patients pd
yg penerita not enough control
when using only a single
antihypertensive drug, can be more
profitable if the provision of
amlodipine in combination with a
diuretic tiazid. b_adrenoreceptor
inhibitors or angiotensin converting
enzyme inhibitors
Usual dose amlodipine 5mg once
daily. Can be increased until the
maximum dose of 10 mg depending
on individual patient response and
severe disease.
Amlodipine: actapin amdixal norvask
tensivask amcor normoten lovask
the number of antihypertensive
drug classes with a variety of price
considerations other than the right
indication. Consideration of bounds
farmakoekonomi Compliance sidelined
supported medication without
adequate purchasing power, the
treatment will not be guaranteed.
Farmakoekonomi can assist in making
decisions, briefly farmakoekonomi
can be defined as research to
measure and compare costs with
treatment outcome
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 21:08 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 11
IN THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS
resistance
Semisintetik antibiotic rifampicin an
anticipatory bactericidal. Active
against gram-positive bacteria and
some gram-negative.
Rifampicin: corifam famri lanarif
medirif merimac prolung ramicin rif
rifabiotic rifacin rimactane rimactazid
rimcure rimstar
Active service membunui isoniazid in
tuberculosis bacillus growth. With
blocking biosintensis / mikolat wrote
a major component of
mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall.
(Isoniazid causes loss of acid
resistance yg pd mikobakterium
sensitive)
ETAMBUTOL an oral chemotherapy
for tuberculosis microorganisms.
Dgm mechanism inhibits RNA
synthesis.
PRAZINAMIT work dlm inhibit the
growth of mycobacterium
tuberculosis organisms.
Rifampicin when combined dgm drug
1 or 2 above, will be the drug of
choice dlm tuberculosis. For reducing
the incidence of resistance.
Wearable rifampin for treatment of
diseases caused by bacteria reply
reply has been resistant to other
antibiotics and sensitive to rifampicin
SUPERVISION IN EVERYDAY took the
drug at high risk of treatment failure.
Maybe even immune to the drug
caused
EVEN for pd drug resistant cases the
drug is needed in addition to
standard drug treatment of
tuberculosis. (among others such as
ciprofloxacin and other OFLOXACIN
LEVOFLOXASIN derived drugs found
in the days to come)
HOW MEN unbalanced USUS
AKIBATPENGOBATAN ANTIBIOTIKA
WITH LONG TERM? The answer may
be at an opportunity we will
continue posting.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:46 0
COMMENTS
SATURDAY, 2009 JANUARY 10
WANT TO HAVE CHILDREN
Clomiphene citrate to stimulate
ovulation and collapsible dg
spermatogenesis umpam way
negate the effects of estrogen
through the secretion of
gonadotropins from adenohipofisis
or the release factor in the
hypothalamus. So that secretion of
FSH and LH hormone increases
without triggering a function of the
pituitary adrenal axis and pituitary
thyroid axis.
Clomiphene citrate to induce
ovulation in infertile women
ovulation caused reply or
amenorrhoea.
One tablet a day for 5hari. Starting on
the 5th day of menstrual cycle or any
time the patient amenoret (non-
existence of menstruation).
Ovulation usually 6_10 days after the
last dose.
If the non-enhanced ovulation dose
2 tablets a day for 5hari began in
30hari after the first treatment.
Notified the possibility of multiple
gestations (twins or more)
RAHIM IBU is a container
development and fetal growth. The
fetus can not grow out well unless
the brain, organs organs. Members of
the body and all internal organs and
the outside, all the bodies and spirits,
walking with a balanced and natural
way street wrote
pertumbuhan.sedemikian maturity
and a way that when a baby is born
healthy stroke and reasonable.
Clomiphene citrate: blesifen clomifil
clovertil fensipros fertilphen fertin
genoclo mestrolin ofertil pinfetil
profertil provula
KNOW WHAT THE GOD OF THE UTERUS
(LUGMAN_34)
GOD KNOW WHAT EVERY WOMAN
conceived by, KANDUNGAN UTERUS
AND PERFECT AND LESS increased. AND
EVERYTHING IN THERE SISI_NYA size
(AR_RAD 8)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 07:24 0
COMMENTS
FRIDAY, 2009 JANUARI 09
CATROPRIL TO COUGH
BRONKHOSPASMA
CATROPRIL usable for medium and
heavy hipertesi insurmountable
combination with other medications.
can be used in the form of single or
combination with other
antihypertensive drugs such tiazida.
Tiazid combination with an additive
effect with combination centrein b_
blocker provide half-additive effect.
In the renin angiotensin system is to
inhibit the angiotensin I wrote the
changes are relatively non-active to
active angiotensin II wrote. Non-
heart failure or responsive enough
hors controlled with diuretics and
digitalis. This antihypertensive jg
effective treatment for heart failure.
Provision is CATROPRIL dose related,
can be reduced without reducing the
khasiatnya.umumnya can make a
good tolerance. But in
bronshospasm, cough, ever
happened to giving catropril.
CATROPRIL: ACEPRESS Capoten
CAPOZIDE CAPTENSIN CASIPRIL
DEXACAP FARMOTEN FORTEN LOCAP
lotensin METOPRIL OTORYL PRATEN
SCANTENSIN TENOFAX TENSICAP
TENSOBON
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 11:39 0
COMMENTS
WEDNESDAY, 2009 JANUARI 07
THERAPY ON WITHDRAWAL tramadol
morphine addicts
Including opiates tramadol agonist.
Tramadol interaction with opiate
receptors.
Including opiates tramadol
antagonist.
Is an analgesic that works centrally.
Also an agonist at non_selektif mu
opioid receptors. Delta and kappa
with a higher affinity to the mu
receptors.
Another mechanism is the analgesic
effect by inhibiting re_uptake
enhance the release of noradrenaline
and serotonin.
Acute and chronic pain severe
pain due to the diagnostic measures
post-surgical pain.
Depending on the dose intensity of
pain suffered by
Tramadol stereospesifik binding
receptors in the central nervous
system. Thus blocking the sensation
of pain and response to pain.
Tramadol inhibits the release of
neurotransmitters from afferent
nerves are sensitive to stimuli.
Consequently inhibited pain
impulses.
Tramadol: andalpha bellatram
camigesik contram50 dolana dolgesik
forgesic kamadol nonalges
nufapotram orasic pironec radol
simatral tradosik tradyl tragesik
tramadolhexpharm tramal trasik
traumasik trunalDX trunal_DX_Retard
tugesal zumatram
AN_NAHL69 (from their bellies DRINK
OUT THAT KIND various colors.
Therein CONTAINED THE MEDICINES
FOR HUMAN HEALING. SO, in that
REALLY REALLY CONTAINED MARK. FOR
THE PEOPLE WHO THINK)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 10:44 0
COMMENTS
TUESDAY, 2009 JANUARI 06
USE IN ACETOSAL Again pectoris
myocardial infarction
In reply pembulu healthy blood.
Platelet reply will not experience
bersikulasi adhesion pembulu with
blood. But the damage to the
endothelial cells will cause pletelet
aggregation and thrombus to form,
or place pembulu dg adhesion of
blood platelets. The situation is
causing interruption of blood flow
and ischemia occur. Yg is the
pathogenesis of MCI MYOCARD infarct
and TIA transient ischemic attack
Efficacious ACETOSAL prevent
platelet adhesion and aggregation
reduce the risk of repeated attacks
brief interruption of blood supply to
the brain due to blockage of a blood
clot while kelumpuan dg gejalah.
In certain doses ACETOSAL reduce
fever and relieve pain by working on
the central thermostat diotak and
increased pain threshold
ACETOSAL trademarks are the usual
AGGRENOX APTOR ASPILETS ASTIKA
aspirin cardio CONTREXYN INZANA
MINIGRIP NASPRO PROCARDIN
restaurant RHEUMAPILL TROMBO
ASPILETS FARMASAL BODREXIN
ASCARDIA etc.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 16:38 0
COMMENTS
Corticosteroids
All diseases can diobat systematically
with corticosteroids.
As an anti-inflammatory drugs,
arthritis, allergi, asthma, and even
diseases like blood disorders and
other acute leukemia other
in small doses strong enough to
work as anti_inflamasi and anti_allergi
among other derivatives fall in
corticosteroid: dexsametason.
Prednisone. Deksklorfeniramin.
Metilprednison. Betamethasone.
Triamsinolon. Etc.
AL_MULK 26 (SESUNGGUNYA SCIENCE
TO GOD ONLY)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:37 0
COMMENTS
Corticosteroids
All diseases can diobat systematically
with corticosteroids.
As an anti-inflammatory drugs,
arthritis, allergi, asthma, and even
diseases like blood disorders and
other acute leukemia other
in small doses strong enough to
work as anti_inflamasi and anti_allergi
among other derivatives fall in
corticosteroid: dexsametason.
Prednisone. Deksklorfeniramin.
Metilprednison. Betamethasone.
Triamsinolon. Etc.
AL_MULK 26 (SESUNGGUNYA SCIENCE
TO GOD ONLY)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:33 1
COMMENT
Opioid analgesics PAIN IN THE cronies
In the daily life of ordinary reply to
what it pemahan drugs. Often a
misunderstanding. Drugs that ugly,
ugly, always bringing something
negative reply.
in medicine, morphine sulphate,
codein, doveri and turun_
turunannya often used in the
management of chronic pain,
whether it's pain in heart disease
(mefenamat acid plus codein) or
suppress the secretion of chronic
cough (doveri plus codein) or pain in
muscles cerebral nerve (MST
CONTINUS morphine sulphate)
How do you think about the slogan
kampaye antinarkoba.?
Whereas in the plight drug lord there
is benefit in health, medicine and
science
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 08:33 0
COMMENTS
Opioid analgesics PAIN IN THE cronies
In the daily life of ordinary reply to
what it pemahan drugs. Often a
misunderstanding. Drugs that ugly,
ugly, always bringing something
negative reply.
in medicine, morphine sulphate,
codein, doveri and turun_
turunannya often used in the
management of chronic pain,
whether it's pain in heart disease
(mefenamat acid plus codein) or
suppress the secretion of chronic
cough (doveri plus codein) or pain in
muscles cerebral nerve (MST
CONTINUS morphine sulphate)
How do you think about the slogan
kampaye antinarkoba.?
Whereas in the plight drug lord there
is benefit in health, medicine and
science
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
LIBRAX
Additional therapy for peptik &
iritatable bowel syndrome. A
combination of high-power
klordiazepoksida anti klidinium
bromide ansientas and high-
anticholinergic effects / spasmolitik.
In the research work
klordiazepoksida pd brain limbic
system. And proved to show that
they will connect the limbic system
emotional dg
klidinium bromide antispasmodik
effects and antisekresi in the
digestive tract.
(in the world of medicine. librax used
in combination with antacid and
Domperidone rantidin drink 1 / 2
hour before eating)
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
DOVERI
Indications doveri often used utuk
influenza, cough reflex suppression,
as sedativum, as an expectorant. In
the so-called farmakop doveri with
pulvis doveri
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
Codein
Opioid agonist analgesics. Effect of
codeine codeine occurs when the
agonist binds with opioid receptors
in various places in the central
nervous system. Analgesic effect of
codeine depends on the affinity of
codeine for the opioid receptors.
Codeine may increase the pain
threshold and change the rathe
reaction in the cerebral cortex at that
time accepted the perception of pain
dr thalamus. Codeine is also a work
antitusif yg pd dg central nervous
system suppress cough center.

''apotek pharmacy''

Cardio protective VITAMIN
Hyperhomocysteinemia increases
risk factors yg pembulu trigger blood
disease of the heart, brain, and
peripheral blood pembulu
well as factors
INDEPENDENT such as cholesterol,
hypertension and diabetes
MECHANISM blood pembulu damage
caused by hyperhomocysteinemia
wrote among others:
form of cell damage endothelial cells
adhesivitas increase of platelet
increase in LDL accumulation in the
artery wall and abnormal coagulation
reply.
Folic Acid gift individually or together
with Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
proven to reduce serum
homocysteine levels.
Folic Acid acts as kosubstrat in
REMETILASI cycle.
While Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
serves as a cofactor in various
enzymes involved in homocysteine
reply remetilasi (synthetic methionin)
and transulfurasi (cystathionin b_
synthase and y_cystathionase)
VITAMIN E through antioxidant
effect helps reduce oxidation low_
density lipoprotein (LDL) which is a
risk factor for atherosclerosis
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 16:02 0
COMMENTS
WEDNESDAY, 2009 JANUARY 28
COST effectiveness of Itraconazole
Ketoconazole GRISEOFULVIN
INFECTION PREVENTION IN fungal
Indonesia yg geographical
conditions are tropical temperatures
and humidity dg eminence will grow
mold growth so that infection,
therefore, fungal infections become
the order of the 2 diseases most of
the incidence of skin disease.
Complaints depends kpd economic
level of life patients
if the person is such a weak economic
dg tukangbecak / housekeeper
ignored dull disease.
However, the middle class to the
top / prioritize the appearance of this
disease is something yg disease
problems.
(even people wonder why they can
suffer from this disease)
Antibiotics are GRISEOFULVIN is
fungistatik. In invitro griseofulvin
inhibits the growth of various
species of microsrorum.
Epidermophyton and trichophyton.
Pd using a peroral griseofulvin
absorbed lambat.dg reduce particle
size. Griseofulvin dumped in the
bottom cells of the epidermis. So the
new-formed keratin will still be
protected against fungal infections.
Griseofulvin is widely used in health
centers and hospitals.
griseofulvin can not be used to treat
dermatofitosis krn already resistant
to skin disease dermatofitosis species
groups.
Griseofulvin can not treat candida
group / anticipatory systemic
fungus / mushroom type deep
mycosis
GRISEOFULVIN: fulcin fungistop
griseofort griseofulvin (prafa)
mycostop rexavin
Ketoconazole is a synthetic
derivative of imidazol-like structure
with miconazol and clotsimazol.
Ketoconazole is an anti mikotik
effective systemic wrote
candida.coccipiodes immitis.
Cyptococcus neoformans.
Cpsulatum.dermantidis, Aspergillus.
And sporothrix.
Ketoconazole interfere with
ergosterol synthesis wrote an
important component in fungi
Ketoconazole is fungistatik
Ketoconazole also recently have
started resistant to several species
of mushrooms.
Ketoconazole is hepatoksis so
difficult to use long-term treatment
such as mushrooms and deepnycosis
systemic fungal disease.
(often the doctors forgot to reply to
the nature of systemic candida,
tertegakkan after postmortem
diagnosis)
Ketoconazole: anfuhex dermaral
dexazol dysfungal fexazol formyco
funet fungasol fungoral interzol
ketomed lusanoc muzoral mycoderm
mycoral mycozid nizol nizoral nofung
picamic profungal solinfec sporex
thicazol wizol zoloral zoralin zumazol
Itraconazole is an oral preparation of
new anti mikotik a wide spectrum.
How it works itraconazole resembles
the action Ketoconazole inhibits
cytochrome p_450 depeden of fungal
enzyme systems / ergosterol
function yg yg mensistesis is a vital
component of fungal cell membranes.
Itraconazole:
Short-term therapy: vuluovaginalis
for candidiasis. Pityriasis versicolor.
Dermatomikosis. Fungal keratitis and
candidal mouth.
Long-term therapy: treatment of
onychomycosis
histoplasmosis.sporotrichosis.
Paracoccidiodomycosis. Systemic
Blastomycosis
Itraconazole hitherto resistant and
not toksis and can be used for
systemic fungus
Itraconazole: forcanox fungitrazol
furolnok itzol nufatrac sporacid
sporanox spyrocon trachon unitrac
from the aforementioned drug drug
Merely commendatory fungisidal
itraconazole (can kill the spores) but
unfortunately a bit expensive so the
price is not affordable by all people.
KNOW WHAT HE WENT IN THE EARTH
AND WHAT YOU GET OUT THEREOF.
WHAT IS DOWN FROM THE SKY AND
WHAT UP HER (AL HADID: 4)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 12:30 0
COMMENTS
MONDAY, 2009 JANUARY 26
MODIFICATION OF USING probiotic
USUS
In some previous posts, have any
questions? How intestinal flora is
unbalanced due to the long-term
treatment with antibiotics.
USUS is a complex ecosystem and
wrote an important role in the
body's defense against aggression
from the outside environment,
THREE main factors are: MIKROFLORA,
LOCAL AND immune system mucosal
barrier.
normally, there is a balance between
saccharolitik flora and intestinal flora
in human proteolytic. Where the
results stated in the balance of
microbes.
Nuisance factors such as flora
saccharolitik example: alcohol, stress,
infections, antibiotics and
chemotherapy. This disrupts the
balance of flora and proteolytic
pekembangan posteriority will
improve pathological conditions such
as diarrhea, constipation, bloating
and more.
LACTOBACILLIUS acidophilus is a
normal part of the fermentation flora
adjuvant maintain the normal balance
of intestinal flora is.
Collapsible Lactobacillius live
acidophilus 2hari in gastric fluid, bile
5hari in pure and fluid 8hari in the
small intestine.
Produces acid and materials lakta
bactericidal substances such as:
lactocidin datau acidophilin.
Acidophilus LACTOBACILLIUS
physiological role in the state
through its ability mensitesa
vitamins, Traffic produces media dlm
intestinal microbes, to antibiotics are
automatically forwarded to the
derivatives, but not forwarded to
other organisms didlm body.
LACTOBACILLIUS probiotic
acidophilus is capable of increasing
population, thus reducing Bacteria
FRIENDLY growth of pathogenic
bacteria in the body, improve mineral
absorption in the gastrointestinal
tract miroekosistem.
Lactobacillus: dialac gastro_ad lacbon
lacidofil protexin rillus synbio
AND WE MAKE WATER FROM ALL
LIVING THINGS. Will they not ALSO
believe? (AL_ANBIYAA ': 30)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 10:08 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 25
"Pharmacies GOVERNOR SURYO"
"APOTEKER" provide the necessary
education, especially to those who
know very little and is active in
serving the patient or partner of
other health professions.
LIABILITIES "APOTEKER"
ensure service delivery to the
patient's medication management
with responsibilities in accordance
with the provisions in effect.
Maintaining and protecting
pharmaceutical sedian from the
weather. Temperature. Natural
disasters, insects. And the other
reply other causes menurunya drug
quality.
Maintain patient confidentiality.
Kebersian pharmacy environment.
Provide counseling and residential
terkenal information about the side
effects and contra indications of the
drug.
Ensure that dangerous drugs,
including narcotic drugs should only
be given if necessary.
Do srining recipes, maintaining the
quality of service
RIGHTS RIGHTS "APOTEKER"
get awards and rewards propriety.
Develop themselves. Received legal
protection. Refusing to conspiracy or
agreement contrary dg humanity
and justice.
FUNCTION "pharmacy" is a
comparison and control so as not
sedian pharmaceutical overused.
"Pharmacy" is also a balance between
the needs of drug and therapeutic
methods tehadap doctor-given
patient, so if there is doubt
comparison ARGUMENT reply sort
could give doctors early warning so
that non-MEDICATION ERROR
occurred.
Therefore, both the doctor and
pharmacy staff have a good close
relationship relationships reply
remind each other and mutual use of
the drug in case.
recently pharmacist and doctor
relationship is less harmonious.
This is because doctors often make
drug dispensing drugs themselves
or to give directly to the patient.
losses from dispensing prescriptions
is that patients have a non-
prescription in written form so that if
there is medication errors, patients
can sue doctors ill.
while if the patient would go to the
pharmacy. So patients gain a second
opinion with.
This second opinion is important to
prevent medication errors (giving
the wrong drug or dose is not
suitable)
administration of drugs by the
doctors make LIABILITY AND DRUG
CONTROL will become more difficult.
Given the types of drugs given yg
mana yg physician accountability
difficult.
Do you guarantee your doctor will
not prescribe to the patients limb. Or
is there any guarantee that these
physicians did not pursue the target
of MEDICAL REPERSENTATIFnya which
may give a lot of incentives if the
medicine is sold in greater numbers
the "APOTEKER" to inform the patient,
since patients did not know the
negative effects of chemical
substances in medicine. Moreover, if
patients are less educated. In terms
of their medicine is a remedy or
removal of disease. The more
medication then the sooner the pain
disappeared.
whereas in terms of drug dose
needed for explained, because the
effects of liver damage can occur if
someone drinks go too far specified
doses.
Doctors can only prescribe the form
of direct injection or if the patient's
condition and the immediate
emergency need medication.
doctors only did the diagnosis and
determine the patient's therapy.
Treatment is given in the form of
recipes that must be redeemed at the
pharmacy.
Level of satisfaction and patient
safety should be the main focus in
every service pharmacists.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 21:31 0
COMMENTS
SATURDAY, 2009 JANUARY 24
Metabolic MESTEROLON INFLUENCE ON
BODY
MESTEROLON compensate for the lack
of androgen formation began to
gradually decrease reply with age.
MESTEROLON suitable for treatment of
conditions attributable conditions by
androgen deficiency in the body.
commonly used to treat various
types of sexual dysfunction
resulting from well-endogenous
testosterone levels rendah.Dapat
reversed sexual problems and the
inability SPERMCOUNT.
Mesterolon not stimulate the body to
produce testosterone for but only a
verbal reply androgen replacement is
used.
MESTEROLONE is a synthetic anabolic
androgenic steroids (AAS).
strengthen the development of
muscles in healthy individuals or
individuals yg physical abilities.
MESTEROLONE add strength with the
addition of a small but completely
lean frame for gain.
penyalagunaan in the MESTEROLONE
sports athletes are often used as a
secret to increase metabolism.
MESTEROLONE 25mg (17b_hidroksi_1a_
metil_5a_androstan_3_on)
MESTEROLONE: there are at Merck
ANDROLON INFELON PROVIRON
Androgen deficiency:
3_4 initial dose 1tablet times a day, for
several months.
2_3tablet daily maintenance dose
Infertility in laki_laki: 4 tablets
(100mg) a day, for several months (in
the event of an erection that often or
continuously, the dose should be
reduced or discontinued medications
to prevent injury to the penis)
MUSCLE membukus formation of
bone.
MANI KEMUDIAN.AIR SOMETHING THAT
WE MAKE inherent, inherent THEN
SOMETHING THAT WE MAKE a piece of
meat, a piece of meat AND THAT WE
MAKE bones, bones THEN THAT WE
MEAT DGN packs. THEN, WE MAKING
OTHER shaped YG beings. HOLY GOD
ALMIGHTY. CREATOR OF THE GOOD. (AL
MU'MINUN_14)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 15:01 0
COMMENTS
FRIDAY, 2009 JANUARY 23
BETWEEN valsartan AND
TELMISARTAN
Valsartan is the angiotensin II
receptor antagonist. Ditujukkan
valsartan for treatment of high
blood pressure, of congestive heart
failure and post-myocardial infarction
FOUND some benefits in the use dlm
valsartan treatment and prevention
of Alzheimer's disease.
valsartan in the market there. Oral
tablets containing 40mg. 80mg.
160mg.
Valsartan: diovan
TELMISARTAN used to control high
blood
Yg TELMISARTAN adalalah specific
receptor antagonists angiotensin II
and effectively orally. intended for
treatment of hypertension,
treatment of essential hypertension.
TELMISARTAN after the first dose, yg
antihypertensive activity gradually
becomes visible in 3jam time. The
maximum decrease in blood pressure
is generally achieved within 4 to 8
weeks after starting treatment and
maintained during long-term
treatment. yg real relationship exists
between dose and time for the
return of systolic blood pressure to
normal. The recommended dose of
40mg once a day, some patients may
have succeeded with once-daily dose
of 20mg.
TELMISARTAN: micardis
Each org has a mouthful of blood
pressure for the blood supply
throughout the body. But if the
blood pressure becomes higher than
usual collapsible vessel damage in
such organs. Heart, kidney. Mata.dan
brain.
Hypertension is also accessible to feel
dizzy, especially if you stand too
quickly. If affected for up gradually
to avoid. If dizzy sitting or lying
down.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 04:48 0
COMMENTS
TUESDAY, 2009 JANUARY 20
As good as BRAND GENERIC DRUG
MERCK
Almost all prescriptions filled with
generic drugs. Yet I am often asked
whether the generic drug is very
good?
GENERIC DRUG is a copy from the nail
on the drug merek_nama same
dosage, intended use, effects, side
effects, risks, keselametan, and
strength as the original drug yg.
in other words FARMAKOLOGI exactly
the same effect.
Many people become concerned
because generic drugs are often
substantially cheaper than the
version merek_nama dg.
They wonder if the quality and
effectiveness has been compromised
for making a cheaper product.
Cheap GENERIC DRUG krn producers
have to finance the development and
marketing.
when a company brings kepasar
drug, the company wrote a lot of
money has been spent for RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT, MARKETING AND
PROMOTION MEDICINE.
kpd patents granted to firms
expanding drug an exclusive right
for selling obat_obatan for patents in
effect.
After the patent expires.
Manufacturers apply for permission
to make and sell generic versions of
drugs. No cost for drug
development, other companies could
reply for making and selling more
cheaply.
When some companies began
producing and selling drugs.
Competition among them can also be
pushed prices down further.
GENERIC DRUG VERSION sometimes
have to share the color, taste, or a
combination of active ingredients of
the drug ingredients horse's mouth.
However, the drug has the same
effect.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 19:30 0
COMMENTS
MONDAY, 2009 JANUARY 19
Nervous system and the SLEEP
SLEEP is the centerpiece of cessation
of employment feather-key. And this
situation occurs with a sudden ill. But
is grandual (gradually)
first first people affected feel like a
break and sleepy
stopped working due CENTER CENTER
Part of the neural network
Then this condition gradually spread
to other CENTER CENTER. And when it
stops working it into a
comprehensive and in depth in the
control center. Then there was the
perfect SLEEP.
SLEEP bring two physiological effect
highlight:
The first is a result pd neural network
The second is the result pd all organs
of the body.
The lack of sleep for long-time will
cause damage pd BRAIN AND
REACTION activity blockade.
The lack of sleep can lead to delays
THINK
sleep brings a real impact on the
maintenance reply nerve balance
among the various central network.
THERE IS NO LIFE WITHOUT SLEEP.
Human beings can starve for six
weeks, but she will die if you do not
sleep for ten days.
AND WE MAKE your sleep for rest, (AN
NABA: 9)
Who has made the NIGHT FOR YOU SO
YOU WILL rest therein (JONAH: 67)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 04:00 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 18
BETWEEN NIFEDIPIN and amlodipine
NIFEDIPIN: how nifedipin the
improvement of oxygen supply to
myocardial obvious. Accompanied by
decreasing oxygen demand.
A good ratio between the intensity
and duration of drug effect. And
good tolerance.
NIFEDIPIN working with selectively
inhibit the entry of calcium ions into
heart muscle cells and smooth muscle
pembulu without changing the
systemic blood levels of calcium in
serum, thus causing vasodilatation
effect.
In variant angina relief NIFEDIPIN
view gejalah resting angina
eliminating coronary artery spasm in
the heart, so the flow of oxygen to
the heart muscle increases. While the
benefits of classical angina pd drug
effects caused by the decline in heart
muscle needs, for oxygen and the
improvement of heart muscle
perfusion
Objective evidence about the effects
of the drug after oral therapy, even a
low dose dg.
NIFEDIPIN used for the treatment and
prevention of acute coronary
insufficiency and chronic (especially
angina pectoris, post-infarction
conditions) and as a therapeutic drug
for hypertension pelengkat. Dose
was giving between 5 _ 10mg.
Average daily dose 5_10mg 3kali day
NIFEDIPIN: calcianta righteousness
carvas cordalat coronipin farmalat
fedipin ficor nif_ten nifedin vasdalat
xepalat zendalat
Amlodipine
amlodipine cause dilation of
peripheral arterioles that minimize the
total peripheral resistance (afterload)
against the work of the heart.
Because the non-cause reflex
tachycardia, then go up the load on
the heart so that miokardial energy
consumption and decreased oxygen
demand
amlodipine cause dilated main
coronary arteries and coronary
arterioles. Pd Both normal and
ischemic conditions. This dilation
increases oxygen delivery miokardial
pd sparme patients with coronary
artery.
Amlodipine is indicated for the
treatment of hypertension and used
in the form of a single blood pressure
control for most patients pd
yg penerita not enough control
when using only a single
antihypertensive drug, can be more
profitable if the provision of
amlodipine in combination with a
diuretic tiazid. b_adrenoreceptor
inhibitors or angiotensin converting
enzyme inhibitors
Usual dose amlodipine 5mg once
daily. Can be increased until the
maximum dose of 10 mg depending
on individual patient response and
severe disease.
Amlodipine: actapin amdixal norvask
tensivask amcor normoten lovask
the number of antihypertensive
drug classes with a variety of price
considerations other than the right
indication. Consideration of bounds
farmakoekonomi Compliance sidelined
supported medication without
adequate purchasing power, the
treatment will not be guaranteed.
Farmakoekonomi can assist in making
decisions, briefly farmakoekonomi
can be defined as research to
measure and compare costs with
treatment outcome
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 21:08 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 11
IN THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS
resistance
Semisintetik antibiotic rifampicin an
anticipatory bactericidal. Active
against gram-positive bacteria and
some gram-negative.
Rifampicin: corifam famri lanarif
medirif merimac prolung ramicin rif
rifabiotic rifacin rimactane rimactazid
rimcure rimstar
Active service membunui isoniazid in
tuberculosis bacillus growth. With
blocking biosintensis / mikolat wrote
a major component of
mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall.
(Isoniazid causes loss of acid
resistance yg pd mikobakterium
sensitive)
ETAMBUTOL an oral chemotherapy
for tuberculosis microorganisms.
Dgm mechanism inhibits RNA
synthesis.
PRAZINAMIT work dlm inhibit the
growth of mycobacterium
tuberculosis organisms.
Rifampicin when combined dgm drug
1 or 2 above, will be the drug of
choice dlm tuberculosis. For reducing
the incidence of resistance.
Wearable rifampin for treatment of
diseases caused by bacteria reply
reply has been resistant to other
antibiotics and sensitive to rifampicin
SUPERVISION IN EVERYDAY took the
drug at high risk of treatment failure.
Maybe even immune to the drug
caused
EVEN for pd drug resistant cases the
drug is needed in addition to
standard drug treatment of
tuberculosis. (among others such as
ciprofloxacin and other OFLOXACIN
LEVOFLOXASIN derived drugs found
in the days to come)
HOW MEN unbalanced USUS
AKIBATPENGOBATAN ANTIBIOTIKA
WITH LONG TERM? The answer may
be at an opportunity we will
continue posting.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:46 0
COMMENTS
SATURDAY, 2009 JANUARY 10
WANT TO HAVE CHILDREN
Clomiphene citrate to stimulate
ovulation and collapsible dg
spermatogenesis umpam way
negate the effects of estrogen
through the secretion of
gonadotropins from adenohipofisis
or the release factor in the
hypothalamus. So that secretion of
FSH and LH hormone increases
without triggering a function of the
pituitary adrenal axis and pituitary
thyroid axis.
Clomiphene citrate to induce
ovulation in infertile women
ovulation caused reply or
amenorrhoea.
One tablet a day for 5hari. Starting on
the 5th day of menstrual cycle or any
time the patient amenoret (non-
existence of menstruation).
Ovulation usually 6_10 days after the
last dose.
If the non-enhanced ovulation dose
2 tablets a day for 5hari began in
30hari after the first treatment.
Notified the possibility of multiple
gestations (twins or more)
RAHIM IBU is a container
development and fetal growth. The
fetus can not grow out well unless
the brain, organs organs. Members of
the body and all internal organs and
the outside, all the bodies and spirits,
walking with a balanced and natural
way street wrote
pertumbuhan.sedemikian maturity
and a way that when a baby is born
healthy stroke and reasonable.
Clomiphene citrate: blesifen clomifil
clovertil fensipros fertilphen fertin
genoclo mestrolin ofertil pinfetil
profertil provula
KNOW WHAT THE GOD OF THE UTERUS
(LUGMAN_34)
GOD KNOW WHAT EVERY WOMAN
conceived by, KANDUNGAN UTERUS
AND PERFECT AND LESS increased. AND
EVERYTHING IN THERE SISI_NYA size
(AR_RAD 8)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 07:24 0
COMMENTS
FRIDAY, 2009 JANUARI 09
CATROPRIL TO COUGH
BRONKHOSPASMA
CATROPRIL usable for medium and
heavy hipertesi insurmountable
combination with other medications.
can be used in the form of single or
combination with other
antihypertensive drugs such tiazida.
Tiazid combination with an additive
effect with combination centrein b_
blocker provide half-additive effect.
In the renin angiotensin system is to
inhibit the angiotensin I wrote the
changes are relatively non-active to
active angiotensin II wrote. Non-
heart failure or responsive enough
hors controlled with diuretics and
digitalis. This antihypertensive jg
effective treatment for heart failure.
Provision is CATROPRIL dose related,
can be reduced without reducing the
khasiatnya.umumnya can make a
good tolerance. But in
bronshospasm, cough, ever
happened to giving catropril.
CATROPRIL: ACEPRESS Capoten
CAPOZIDE CAPTENSIN CASIPRIL
DEXACAP FARMOTEN FORTEN LOCAP
lotensin METOPRIL OTORYL PRATEN
SCANTENSIN TENOFAX TENSICAP
TENSOBON
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 11:39 0
COMMENTS
WEDNESDAY, 2009 JANUARI 07
THERAPY ON WITHDRAWAL tramadol
morphine addicts
Including opiates tramadol agonist.
Tramadol interaction with opiate
receptors.
Including opiates tramadol
antagonist.
Is an analgesic that works centrally.
Also an agonist at non_selektif mu
opioid receptors. Delta and kappa
with a higher affinity to the mu
receptors.
Another mechanism is the analgesic
effect by inhibiting re_uptake
enhance the release of noradrenaline
and serotonin.
Acute and chronic pain severe
pain due to the diagnostic measures
post-surgical pain.
Depending on the dose intensity of
pain suffered by
Tramadol stereospesifik binding
receptors in the central nervous
system. Thus blocking the sensation
of pain and response to pain.
Tramadol inhibits the release of
neurotransmitters from afferent
nerves are sensitive to stimuli.
Consequently inhibited pain
impulses.
Tramadol: andalpha bellatram
camigesik contram50 dolana dolgesik
forgesic kamadol nonalges
nufapotram orasic pironec radol
simatral tradosik tradyl tragesik
tramadolhexpharm tramal trasik
traumasik trunalDX trunal_DX_Retard
tugesal zumatram
AN_NAHL69 (from their bellies DRINK
OUT THAT KIND various colors.
Therein CONTAINED THE MEDICINES
FOR HUMAN HEALING. SO, in that
REALLY REALLY CONTAINED MARK. FOR
THE PEOPLE WHO THINK)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 10:44 0
COMMENTS
TUESDAY, 2009 JANUARI 06
USE IN ACETOSAL Again pectoris
myocardial infarction
In reply pembulu healthy blood.
Platelet reply will not experience
bersikulasi adhesion pembulu with
blood. But the damage to the
endothelial cells will cause pletelet
aggregation and thrombus to form,
or place pembulu dg adhesion of
blood platelets. The situation is
causing interruption of blood flow
and ischemia occur. Yg is the
pathogenesis of MCI MYOCARD infarct
and TIA transient ischemic attack
Efficacious ACETOSAL prevent
platelet adhesion and aggregation
reduce the risk of repeated attacks
brief interruption of blood supply to
the brain due to blockage of a blood
clot while kelumpuan dg gejalah.
In certain doses ACETOSAL reduce
fever and relieve pain by working on
the central thermostat diotak and
increased pain threshold
ACETOSAL trademarks are the usual
AGGRENOX APTOR ASPILETS ASTIKA
aspirin cardio CONTREXYN INZANA
MINIGRIP NASPRO PROCARDIN
restaurant RHEUMAPILL TROMBO
ASPILETS FARMASAL BODREXIN
ASCARDIA etc.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 16:38 0
COMMENTS
Corticosteroids
All diseases can diobat systematically
with corticosteroids.
As an anti-inflammatory drugs,
arthritis, allergi, asthma, and even
diseases like blood disorders and
other acute leukemia other
in small doses strong enough to
work as anti_inflamasi and anti_allergi
among other derivatives fall in
corticosteroid: dexsametason.
Prednisone. Deksklorfeniramin.
Metilprednison. Betamethasone.
Triamsinolon. Etc.
AL_MULK 26 (SESUNGGUNYA SCIENCE
TO GOD ONLY)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:37 0
COMMENTS
Corticosteroids
All diseases can diobat systematically
with corticosteroids.
As an anti-inflammatory drugs,
arthritis, allergi, asthma, and even
diseases like blood disorders and
other acute leukemia other
in small doses strong enough to
work as anti_inflamasi and anti_allergi
among other derivatives fall in
corticosteroid: dexsametason.
Prednisone. Deksklorfeniramin.
Metilprednison. Betamethasone.
Triamsinolon. Etc.
AL_MULK 26 (SESUNGGUNYA SCIENCE
TO GOD ONLY)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:33 1
COMMENT
Opioid analgesics PAIN IN THE cronies
In the daily life of ordinary reply to
what it pemahan drugs. Often a
misunderstanding. Drugs that ugly,
ugly, always bringing something
negative reply.
in medicine, morphine sulphate,
codein, doveri and turun_
turunannya often used in the
management of chronic pain,
whether it's pain in heart disease
(mefenamat acid plus codein) or
suppress the secretion of chronic
cough (doveri plus codein) or pain in
muscles cerebral nerve (MST
CONTINUS morphine sulphate)
How do you think about the slogan
kampaye antinarkoba.?
Whereas in the plight drug lord there
is benefit in health, medicine and
science
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 08:33 0
COMMENTS
Opioid analgesics PAIN IN THE cronies
In the daily life of ordinary reply to
what it pemahan drugs. Often a
misunderstanding. Drugs that ugly,
ugly, always bringing something
negative reply.
in medicine, morphine sulphate,
codein, doveri and turun_
turunannya often used in the
management of chronic pain,
whether it's pain in heart disease
(mefenamat acid plus codein) or
suppress the secretion of chronic
cough (doveri plus codein) or pain in
muscles cerebral nerve (MST
CONTINUS morphine sulphate)
How do you think about the slogan
kampaye antinarkoba.?
Whereas in the plight drug lord there
is benefit in health, medicine and
science
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
LIBRAX
Additional therapy for peptik &
iritatable bowel syndrome. A
combination of high-power
klordiazepoksida anti klidinium
bromide ansientas and high-
anticholinergic effects / spasmolitik.
In the research work
klordiazepoksida pd brain limbic
system. And proved to show that
they will connect the limbic system
emotional dg
klidinium bromide antispasmodik
effects and antisekresi in the
digestive tract.
(in the world of medicine. librax used
in combination with antacid and
Domperidone rantidin drink 1 / 2
hour before eating)
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
DOVERI
Indications doveri often used utuk
influenza, cough reflex suppression,
as sedativum, as an expectorant. In
the so-called farmakop doveri with
pulvis doveri
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
Codein
Opioid agonist analgesics. Effect of
codeine codeine occurs when the
agonist binds with opioid receptors
in various places in the central
nervous system. Analgesic effect of
codeine depends on the affinity of
codeine for the opioid receptors.
Codeine may increase the pain
threshold and change the rathe
reaction in the cerebral cortex at that
time accepted the perception of pain
dr thalamus. Codeine is also a work
antitusif yg pd dg central nervous
system suppress cough center.

''pharmacy apotek''

Cardio protective VITAMIN
Hyperhomocysteinemia increases
risk factors yg pembulu trigger blood
disease of the heart, brain, and
peripheral blood pembulu
well as factors
INDEPENDENT such as cholesterol,
hypertension and diabetes
MECHANISM blood pembulu damage
caused by hyperhomocysteinemia
wrote among others:
form of cell damage endothelial cells
adhesivitas increase of platelet
increase in LDL accumulation in the
artery wall and abnormal coagulation
reply.
Folic Acid gift individually or together
with Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
proven to reduce serum
homocysteine levels.
Folic Acid acts as kosubstrat in
REMETILASI cycle.
While Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
serves as a cofactor in various
enzymes involved in homocysteine
reply remetilasi (synthetic methionin)
and transulfurasi (cystathionin b_
synthase and y_cystathionase)
VITAMIN E through antioxidant
effect helps reduce oxidation low_
density lipoprotein (LDL) which is a
risk factor for atherosclerosis
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 16:02 0
COMMENTS
WEDNESDAY, 2009 JANUARY 28
COST effectiveness of Itraconazole
Ketoconazole GRISEOFULVIN
INFECTION PREVENTION IN fungal
Indonesia yg geographical
conditions are tropical temperatures
and humidity dg eminence will grow
mold growth so that infection,
therefore, fungal infections become
the order of the 2 diseases most of
the incidence of skin disease.
Complaints depends kpd economic
level of life patients
if the person is such a weak economic
dg tukangbecak / housekeeper
ignored dull disease.
However, the middle class to the
top / prioritize the appearance of this
disease is something yg disease
problems.
(even people wonder why they can
suffer from this disease)
Antibiotics are GRISEOFULVIN is
fungistatik. In invitro griseofulvin
inhibits the growth of various
species of microsrorum.
Epidermophyton and trichophyton.
Pd using a peroral griseofulvin
absorbed lambat.dg reduce particle
size. Griseofulvin dumped in the
bottom cells of the epidermis. So the
new-formed keratin will still be
protected against fungal infections.
Griseofulvin is widely used in health
centers and hospitals.
griseofulvin can not be used to treat
dermatofitosis krn already resistant
to skin disease dermatofitosis species
groups.
Griseofulvin can not treat candida
group / anticipatory systemic
fungus / mushroom type deep
mycosis
GRISEOFULVIN: fulcin fungistop
griseofort griseofulvin (prafa)
mycostop rexavin
Ketoconazole is a synthetic
derivative of imidazol-like structure
with miconazol and clotsimazol.
Ketoconazole is an anti mikotik
effective systemic wrote
candida.coccipiodes immitis.
Cyptococcus neoformans.
Cpsulatum.dermantidis, Aspergillus.
And sporothrix.
Ketoconazole interfere with
ergosterol synthesis wrote an
important component in fungi
Ketoconazole is fungistatik
Ketoconazole also recently have
started resistant to several species
of mushrooms.
Ketoconazole is hepatoksis so
difficult to use long-term treatment
such as mushrooms and deepnycosis
systemic fungal disease.
(often the doctors forgot to reply to
the nature of systemic candida,
tertegakkan after postmortem
diagnosis)
Ketoconazole: anfuhex dermaral
dexazol dysfungal fexazol formyco
funet fungasol fungoral interzol
ketomed lusanoc muzoral mycoderm
mycoral mycozid nizol nizoral nofung
picamic profungal solinfec sporex
thicazol wizol zoloral zoralin zumazol
Itraconazole is an oral preparation of
new anti mikotik a wide spectrum.
How it works itraconazole resembles
the action Ketoconazole inhibits
cytochrome p_450 depeden of fungal
enzyme systems / ergosterol
function yg yg mensistesis is a vital
component of fungal cell membranes.
Itraconazole:
Short-term therapy: vuluovaginalis
for candidiasis. Pityriasis versicolor.
Dermatomikosis. Fungal keratitis and
candidal mouth.
Long-term therapy: treatment of
onychomycosis
histoplasmosis.sporotrichosis.
Paracoccidiodomycosis. Systemic
Blastomycosis
Itraconazole hitherto resistant and
not toksis and can be used for
systemic fungus
Itraconazole: forcanox fungitrazol
furolnok itzol nufatrac sporacid
sporanox spyrocon trachon unitrac
from the aforementioned drug drug
Merely commendatory fungisidal
itraconazole (can kill the spores) but
unfortunately a bit expensive so the
price is not affordable by all people.
KNOW WHAT HE WENT IN THE EARTH
AND WHAT YOU GET OUT THEREOF.
WHAT IS DOWN FROM THE SKY AND
WHAT UP HER (AL HADID: 4)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 12:30 0
COMMENTS
MONDAY, 2009 JANUARY 26
MODIFICATION OF USING probiotic
USUS
In some previous posts, have any
questions? How intestinal flora is
unbalanced due to the long-term
treatment with antibiotics.
USUS is a complex ecosystem and
wrote an important role in the
body's defense against aggression
from the outside environment,
THREE main factors are: MIKROFLORA,
LOCAL AND immune system mucosal
barrier.
normally, there is a balance between
saccharolitik flora and intestinal flora
in human proteolytic. Where the
results stated in the balance of
microbes.
Nuisance factors such as flora
saccharolitik example: alcohol, stress,
infections, antibiotics and
chemotherapy. This disrupts the
balance of flora and proteolytic
pekembangan posteriority will
improve pathological conditions such
as diarrhea, constipation, bloating
and more.
LACTOBACILLIUS acidophilus is a
normal part of the fermentation flora
adjuvant maintain the normal balance
of intestinal flora is.
Collapsible Lactobacillius live
acidophilus 2hari in gastric fluid, bile
5hari in pure and fluid 8hari in the
small intestine.
Produces acid and materials lakta
bactericidal substances such as:
lactocidin datau acidophilin.
Acidophilus LACTOBACILLIUS
physiological role in the state
through its ability mensitesa
vitamins, Traffic produces media dlm
intestinal microbes, to antibiotics are
automatically forwarded to the
derivatives, but not forwarded to
other organisms didlm body.
LACTOBACILLIUS probiotic
acidophilus is capable of increasing
population, thus reducing Bacteria
FRIENDLY growth of pathogenic
bacteria in the body, improve mineral
absorption in the gastrointestinal
tract miroekosistem.
Lactobacillus: dialac gastro_ad lacbon
lacidofil protexin rillus synbio
AND WE MAKE WATER FROM ALL
LIVING THINGS. Will they not ALSO
believe? (AL_ANBIYAA ': 30)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 10:08 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 25
"Pharmacies GOVERNOR SURYO"
"APOTEKER" provide the necessary
education, especially to those who
know very little and is active in
serving the patient or partner of
other health professions.
LIABILITIES "APOTEKER"
ensure service delivery to the
patient's medication management
with responsibilities in accordance
with the provisions in effect.
Maintaining and protecting
pharmaceutical sedian from the
weather. Temperature. Natural
disasters, insects. And the other
reply other causes menurunya drug
quality.
Maintain patient confidentiality.
Kebersian pharmacy environment.
Provide counseling and residential
terkenal information about the side
effects and contra indications of the
drug.
Ensure that dangerous drugs,
including narcotic drugs should only
be given if necessary.
Do srining recipes, maintaining the
quality of service
RIGHTS RIGHTS "APOTEKER"
get awards and rewards propriety.
Develop themselves. Received legal
protection. Refusing to conspiracy or
agreement contrary dg humanity
and justice.
FUNCTION "pharmacy" is a
comparison and control so as not
sedian pharmaceutical overused.
"Pharmacy" is also a balance between
the needs of drug and therapeutic
methods tehadap doctor-given
patient, so if there is doubt
comparison ARGUMENT reply sort
could give doctors early warning so
that non-MEDICATION ERROR
occurred.
Therefore, both the doctor and
pharmacy staff have a good close
relationship relationships reply
remind each other and mutual use of
the drug in case.
recently pharmacist and doctor
relationship is less harmonious.
This is because doctors often make
drug dispensing drugs themselves
or to give directly to the patient.
losses from dispensing prescriptions
is that patients have a non-
prescription in written form so that if
there is medication errors, patients
can sue doctors ill.
while if the patient would go to the
pharmacy. So patients gain a second
opinion with.
This second opinion is important to
prevent medication errors (giving
the wrong drug or dose is not
suitable)
administration of drugs by the
doctors make LIABILITY AND DRUG
CONTROL will become more difficult.
Given the types of drugs given yg
mana yg physician accountability
difficult.
Do you guarantee your doctor will
not prescribe to the patients limb. Or
is there any guarantee that these
physicians did not pursue the target
of MEDICAL REPERSENTATIFnya which
may give a lot of incentives if the
medicine is sold in greater numbers
the "APOTEKER" to inform the patient,
since patients did not know the
negative effects of chemical
substances in medicine. Moreover, if
patients are less educated. In terms
of their medicine is a remedy or
removal of disease. The more
medication then the sooner the pain
disappeared.
whereas in terms of drug dose
needed for explained, because the
effects of liver damage can occur if
someone drinks go too far specified
doses.
Doctors can only prescribe the form
of direct injection or if the patient's
condition and the immediate
emergency need medication.
doctors only did the diagnosis and
determine the patient's therapy.
Treatment is given in the form of
recipes that must be redeemed at the
pharmacy.
Level of satisfaction and patient
safety should be the main focus in
every service pharmacists.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 21:31 0
COMMENTS
SATURDAY, 2009 JANUARY 24
Metabolic MESTEROLON INFLUENCE ON
BODY
MESTEROLON compensate for the lack
of androgen formation began to
gradually decrease reply with age.
MESTEROLON suitable for treatment of
conditions attributable conditions by
androgen deficiency in the body.
commonly used to treat various
types of sexual dysfunction
resulting from well-endogenous
testosterone levels rendah.Dapat
reversed sexual problems and the
inability SPERMCOUNT.
Mesterolon not stimulate the body to
produce testosterone for but only a
verbal reply androgen replacement is
used.
MESTEROLONE is a synthetic anabolic
androgenic steroids (AAS).
strengthen the development of
muscles in healthy individuals or
individuals yg physical abilities.
MESTEROLONE add strength with the
addition of a small but completely
lean frame for gain.
penyalagunaan in the MESTEROLONE
sports athletes are often used as a
secret to increase metabolism.
MESTEROLONE 25mg (17b_hidroksi_1a_
metil_5a_androstan_3_on)
MESTEROLONE: there are at Merck
ANDROLON INFELON PROVIRON
Androgen deficiency:
3_4 initial dose 1tablet times a day, for
several months.
2_3tablet daily maintenance dose
Infertility in laki_laki: 4 tablets
(100mg) a day, for several months (in
the event of an erection that often or
continuously, the dose should be
reduced or discontinued medications
to prevent injury to the penis)
MUSCLE membukus formation of
bone.
MANI KEMUDIAN.AIR SOMETHING THAT
WE MAKE inherent, inherent THEN
SOMETHING THAT WE MAKE a piece of
meat, a piece of meat AND THAT WE
MAKE bones, bones THEN THAT WE
MEAT DGN packs. THEN, WE MAKING
OTHER shaped YG beings. HOLY GOD
ALMIGHTY. CREATOR OF THE GOOD. (AL
MU'MINUN_14)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 15:01 0
COMMENTS
FRIDAY, 2009 JANUARY 23
BETWEEN valsartan AND
TELMISARTAN
Valsartan is the angiotensin II
receptor antagonist. Ditujukkan
valsartan for treatment of high
blood pressure, of congestive heart
failure and post-myocardial infarction
FOUND some benefits in the use dlm
valsartan treatment and prevention
of Alzheimer's disease.
valsartan in the market there. Oral
tablets containing 40mg. 80mg.
160mg.
Valsartan: diovan
TELMISARTAN used to control high
blood
Yg TELMISARTAN adalalah specific
receptor antagonists angiotensin II
and effectively orally. intended for
treatment of hypertension,
treatment of essential hypertension.
TELMISARTAN after the first dose, yg
antihypertensive activity gradually
becomes visible in 3jam time. The
maximum decrease in blood pressure
is generally achieved within 4 to 8
weeks after starting treatment and
maintained during long-term
treatment. yg real relationship exists
between dose and time for the
return of systolic blood pressure to
normal. The recommended dose of
40mg once a day, some patients may
have succeeded with once-daily dose
of 20mg.
TELMISARTAN: micardis
Each org has a mouthful of blood
pressure for the blood supply
throughout the body. But if the
blood pressure becomes higher than
usual collapsible vessel damage in
such organs. Heart, kidney. Mata.dan
brain.
Hypertension is also accessible to feel
dizzy, especially if you stand too
quickly. If affected for up gradually
to avoid. If dizzy sitting or lying
down.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 04:48 0
COMMENTS
TUESDAY, 2009 JANUARY 20
As good as BRAND GENERIC DRUG
MERCK
Almost all prescriptions filled with
generic drugs. Yet I am often asked
whether the generic drug is very
good?
GENERIC DRUG is a copy from the nail
on the drug merek_nama same
dosage, intended use, effects, side
effects, risks, keselametan, and
strength as the original drug yg.
in other words FARMAKOLOGI exactly
the same effect.
Many people become concerned
because generic drugs are often
substantially cheaper than the
version merek_nama dg.
They wonder if the quality and
effectiveness has been compromised
for making a cheaper product.
Cheap GENERIC DRUG krn producers
have to finance the development and
marketing.
when a company brings kepasar
drug, the company wrote a lot of
money has been spent for RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT, MARKETING AND
PROMOTION MEDICINE.
kpd patents granted to firms
expanding drug an exclusive right
for selling obat_obatan for patents in
effect.
After the patent expires.
Manufacturers apply for permission
to make and sell generic versions of
drugs. No cost for drug
development, other companies could
reply for making and selling more
cheaply.
When some companies began
producing and selling drugs.
Competition among them can also be
pushed prices down further.
GENERIC DRUG VERSION sometimes
have to share the color, taste, or a
combination of active ingredients of
the drug ingredients horse's mouth.
However, the drug has the same
effect.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 19:30 0
COMMENTS
MONDAY, 2009 JANUARY 19
Nervous system and the SLEEP
SLEEP is the centerpiece of cessation
of employment feather-key. And this
situation occurs with a sudden ill. But
is grandual (gradually)
first first people affected feel like a
break and sleepy
stopped working due CENTER CENTER
Part of the neural network
Then this condition gradually spread
to other CENTER CENTER. And when it
stops working it into a
comprehensive and in depth in the
control center. Then there was the
perfect SLEEP.
SLEEP bring two physiological effect
highlight:
The first is a result pd neural network
The second is the result pd all organs
of the body.
The lack of sleep for long-time will
cause damage pd BRAIN AND
REACTION activity blockade.
The lack of sleep can lead to delays
THINK
sleep brings a real impact on the
maintenance reply nerve balance
among the various central network.
THERE IS NO LIFE WITHOUT SLEEP.
Human beings can starve for six
weeks, but she will die if you do not
sleep for ten days.
AND WE MAKE your sleep for rest, (AN
NABA: 9)
Who has made the NIGHT FOR YOU SO
YOU WILL rest therein (JONAH: 67)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 04:00 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 18
BETWEEN NIFEDIPIN and amlodipine
NIFEDIPIN: how nifedipin the
improvement of oxygen supply to
myocardial obvious. Accompanied by
decreasing oxygen demand.
A good ratio between the intensity
and duration of drug effect. And
good tolerance.
NIFEDIPIN working with selectively
inhibit the entry of calcium ions into
heart muscle cells and smooth muscle
pembulu without changing the
systemic blood levels of calcium in
serum, thus causing vasodilatation
effect.
In variant angina relief NIFEDIPIN
view gejalah resting angina
eliminating coronary artery spasm in
the heart, so the flow of oxygen to
the heart muscle increases. While the
benefits of classical angina pd drug
effects caused by the decline in heart
muscle needs, for oxygen and the
improvement of heart muscle
perfusion
Objective evidence about the effects
of the drug after oral therapy, even a
low dose dg.
NIFEDIPIN used for the treatment and
prevention of acute coronary
insufficiency and chronic (especially
angina pectoris, post-infarction
conditions) and as a therapeutic drug
for hypertension pelengkat. Dose
was giving between 5 _ 10mg.
Average daily dose 5_10mg 3kali day
NIFEDIPIN: calcianta righteousness
carvas cordalat coronipin farmalat
fedipin ficor nif_ten nifedin vasdalat
xepalat zendalat
Amlodipine
amlodipine cause dilation of
peripheral arterioles that minimize the
total peripheral resistance (afterload)
against the work of the heart.
Because the non-cause reflex
tachycardia, then go up the load on
the heart so that miokardial energy
consumption and decreased oxygen
demand
amlodipine cause dilated main
coronary arteries and coronary
arterioles. Pd Both normal and
ischemic conditions. This dilation
increases oxygen delivery miokardial
pd sparme patients with coronary
artery.
Amlodipine is indicated for the
treatment of hypertension and used
in the form of a single blood pressure
control for most patients pd
yg penerita not enough control
when using only a single
antihypertensive drug, can be more
profitable if the provision of
amlodipine in combination with a
diuretic tiazid. b_adrenoreceptor
inhibitors or angiotensin converting
enzyme inhibitors
Usual dose amlodipine 5mg once
daily. Can be increased until the
maximum dose of 10 mg depending
on individual patient response and
severe disease.
Amlodipine: actapin amdixal norvask
tensivask amcor normoten lovask
the number of antihypertensive
drug classes with a variety of price
considerations other than the right
indication. Consideration of bounds
farmakoekonomi Compliance sidelined
supported medication without
adequate purchasing power, the
treatment will not be guaranteed.
Farmakoekonomi can assist in making
decisions, briefly farmakoekonomi
can be defined as research to
measure and compare costs with
treatment outcome
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 21:08 0
COMMENTS
SUNDAY, 2009 JANUARY 11
IN THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS
resistance
Semisintetik antibiotic rifampicin an
anticipatory bactericidal. Active
against gram-positive bacteria and
some gram-negative.
Rifampicin: corifam famri lanarif
medirif merimac prolung ramicin rif
rifabiotic rifacin rimactane rimactazid
rimcure rimstar
Active service membunui isoniazid in
tuberculosis bacillus growth. With
blocking biosintensis / mikolat wrote
a major component of
mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall.
(Isoniazid causes loss of acid
resistance yg pd mikobakterium
sensitive)
ETAMBUTOL an oral chemotherapy
for tuberculosis microorganisms.
Dgm mechanism inhibits RNA
synthesis.
PRAZINAMIT work dlm inhibit the
growth of mycobacterium
tuberculosis organisms.
Rifampicin when combined dgm drug
1 or 2 above, will be the drug of
choice dlm tuberculosis. For reducing
the incidence of resistance.
Wearable rifampin for treatment of
diseases caused by bacteria reply
reply has been resistant to other
antibiotics and sensitive to rifampicin
SUPERVISION IN EVERYDAY took the
drug at high risk of treatment failure.
Maybe even immune to the drug
caused
EVEN for pd drug resistant cases the
drug is needed in addition to
standard drug treatment of
tuberculosis. (among others such as
ciprofloxacin and other OFLOXACIN
LEVOFLOXASIN derived drugs found
in the days to come)
HOW MEN unbalanced USUS
AKIBATPENGOBATAN ANTIBIOTIKA
WITH LONG TERM? The answer may
be at an opportunity we will
continue posting.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:46 0
COMMENTS
SATURDAY, 2009 JANUARY 10
WANT TO HAVE CHILDREN
Clomiphene citrate to stimulate
ovulation and collapsible dg
spermatogenesis umpam way
negate the effects of estrogen
through the secretion of
gonadotropins from adenohipofisis
or the release factor in the
hypothalamus. So that secretion of
FSH and LH hormone increases
without triggering a function of the
pituitary adrenal axis and pituitary
thyroid axis.
Clomiphene citrate to induce
ovulation in infertile women
ovulation caused reply or
amenorrhoea.
One tablet a day for 5hari. Starting on
the 5th day of menstrual cycle or any
time the patient amenoret (non-
existence of menstruation).
Ovulation usually 6_10 days after the
last dose.
If the non-enhanced ovulation dose
2 tablets a day for 5hari began in
30hari after the first treatment.
Notified the possibility of multiple
gestations (twins or more)
RAHIM IBU is a container
development and fetal growth. The
fetus can not grow out well unless
the brain, organs organs. Members of
the body and all internal organs and
the outside, all the bodies and spirits,
walking with a balanced and natural
way street wrote
pertumbuhan.sedemikian maturity
and a way that when a baby is born
healthy stroke and reasonable.
Clomiphene citrate: blesifen clomifil
clovertil fensipros fertilphen fertin
genoclo mestrolin ofertil pinfetil
profertil provula
KNOW WHAT THE GOD OF THE UTERUS
(LUGMAN_34)
GOD KNOW WHAT EVERY WOMAN
conceived by, KANDUNGAN UTERUS
AND PERFECT AND LESS increased. AND
EVERYTHING IN THERE SISI_NYA size
(AR_RAD 8)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 07:24 0
COMMENTS
FRIDAY, 2009 JANUARI 09
CATROPRIL TO COUGH
BRONKHOSPASMA
CATROPRIL usable for medium and
heavy hipertesi insurmountable
combination with other medications.
can be used in the form of single or
combination with other
antihypertensive drugs such tiazida.
Tiazid combination with an additive
effect with combination centrein b_
blocker provide half-additive effect.
In the renin angiotensin system is to
inhibit the angiotensin I wrote the
changes are relatively non-active to
active angiotensin II wrote. Non-
heart failure or responsive enough
hors controlled with diuretics and
digitalis. This antihypertensive jg
effective treatment for heart failure.
Provision is CATROPRIL dose related,
can be reduced without reducing the
khasiatnya.umumnya can make a
good tolerance. But in
bronshospasm, cough, ever
happened to giving catropril.
CATROPRIL: ACEPRESS Capoten
CAPOZIDE CAPTENSIN CASIPRIL
DEXACAP FARMOTEN FORTEN LOCAP
lotensin METOPRIL OTORYL PRATEN
SCANTENSIN TENOFAX TENSICAP
TENSOBON
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 11:39 0
COMMENTS
WEDNESDAY, 2009 JANUARI 07
THERAPY ON WITHDRAWAL tramadol
morphine addicts
Including opiates tramadol agonist.
Tramadol interaction with opiate
receptors.
Including opiates tramadol
antagonist.
Is an analgesic that works centrally.
Also an agonist at non_selektif mu
opioid receptors. Delta and kappa
with a higher affinity to the mu
receptors.
Another mechanism is the analgesic
effect by inhibiting re_uptake
enhance the release of noradrenaline
and serotonin.
Acute and chronic pain severe
pain due to the diagnostic measures
post-surgical pain.
Depending on the dose intensity of
pain suffered by
Tramadol stereospesifik binding
receptors in the central nervous
system. Thus blocking the sensation
of pain and response to pain.
Tramadol inhibits the release of
neurotransmitters from afferent
nerves are sensitive to stimuli.
Consequently inhibited pain
impulses.
Tramadol: andalpha bellatram
camigesik contram50 dolana dolgesik
forgesic kamadol nonalges
nufapotram orasic pironec radol
simatral tradosik tradyl tragesik
tramadolhexpharm tramal trasik
traumasik trunalDX trunal_DX_Retard
tugesal zumatram
AN_NAHL69 (from their bellies DRINK
OUT THAT KIND various colors.
Therein CONTAINED THE MEDICINES
FOR HUMAN HEALING. SO, in that
REALLY REALLY CONTAINED MARK. FOR
THE PEOPLE WHO THINK)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 10:44 0
COMMENTS
TUESDAY, 2009 JANUARI 06
USE IN ACETOSAL Again pectoris
myocardial infarction
In reply pembulu healthy blood.
Platelet reply will not experience
bersikulasi adhesion pembulu with
blood. But the damage to the
endothelial cells will cause pletelet
aggregation and thrombus to form,
or place pembulu dg adhesion of
blood platelets. The situation is
causing interruption of blood flow
and ischemia occur. Yg is the
pathogenesis of MCI MYOCARD infarct
and TIA transient ischemic attack
Efficacious ACETOSAL prevent
platelet adhesion and aggregation
reduce the risk of repeated attacks
brief interruption of blood supply to
the brain due to blockage of a blood
clot while kelumpuan dg gejalah.
In certain doses ACETOSAL reduce
fever and relieve pain by working on
the central thermostat diotak and
increased pain threshold
ACETOSAL trademarks are the usual
AGGRENOX APTOR ASPILETS ASTIKA
aspirin cardio CONTREXYN INZANA
MINIGRIP NASPRO PROCARDIN
restaurant RHEUMAPILL TROMBO
ASPILETS FARMASAL BODREXIN
ASCARDIA etc.
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 16:38 0
COMMENTS
Corticosteroids
All diseases can diobat systematically
with corticosteroids.
As an anti-inflammatory drugs,
arthritis, allergi, asthma, and even
diseases like blood disorders and
other acute leukemia other
in small doses strong enough to
work as anti_inflamasi and anti_allergi
among other derivatives fall in
corticosteroid: dexsametason.
Prednisone. Deksklorfeniramin.
Metilprednison. Betamethasone.
Triamsinolon. Etc.
AL_MULK 26 (SESUNGGUNYA SCIENCE
TO GOD ONLY)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:37 0
COMMENTS
Corticosteroids
All diseases can diobat systematically
with corticosteroids.
As an anti-inflammatory drugs,
arthritis, allergi, asthma, and even
diseases like blood disorders and
other acute leukemia other
in small doses strong enough to
work as anti_inflamasi and anti_allergi
among other derivatives fall in
corticosteroid: dexsametason.
Prednisone. Deksklorfeniramin.
Metilprednison. Betamethasone.
Triamsinolon. Etc.
AL_MULK 26 (SESUNGGUNYA SCIENCE
TO GOD ONLY)
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 09:33 1
COMMENT
Opioid analgesics PAIN IN THE cronies
In the daily life of ordinary reply to
what it pemahan drugs. Often a
misunderstanding. Drugs that ugly,
ugly, always bringing something
negative reply.
in medicine, morphine sulphate,
codein, doveri and turun_
turunannya often used in the
management of chronic pain,
whether it's pain in heart disease
(mefenamat acid plus codein) or
suppress the secretion of chronic
cough (doveri plus codein) or pain in
muscles cerebral nerve (MST
CONTINUS morphine sulphate)
How do you think about the slogan
kampaye antinarkoba.?
Whereas in the plight drug lord there
is benefit in health, medicine and
science
POSTED BY PAMUJI AT 08:33 0
COMMENTS
Opioid analgesics PAIN IN THE cronies
In the daily life of ordinary reply to
what it pemahan drugs. Often a
misunderstanding. Drugs that ugly,
ugly, always bringing something
negative reply.
in medicine, morphine sulphate,
codein, doveri and turun_
turunannya often used in the
management of chronic pain,
whether it's pain in heart disease
(mefenamat acid plus codein) or
suppress the secretion of chronic
cough (doveri plus codein) or pain in
muscles cerebral nerve (MST
CONTINUS morphine sulphate)
How do you think about the slogan
kampaye antinarkoba.?
Whereas in the plight drug lord there
is benefit in health, medicine and
science
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
LIBRAX
Additional therapy for peptik &
iritatable bowel syndrome. A
combination of high-power
klordiazepoksida anti klidinium
bromide ansientas and high-
anticholinergic effects / spasmolitik.
In the research work
klordiazepoksida pd brain limbic
system. And proved to show that
they will connect the limbic system
emotional dg
klidinium bromide antispasmodik
effects and antisekresi in the
digestive tract.
(in the world of medicine. librax used
in combination with antacid and
Domperidone rantidin drink 1 / 2
hour before eating)
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
DOVERI
Indications doveri often used utuk
influenza, cough reflex suppression,
as sedativum, as an expectorant. In
the so-called farmakop doveri with
pulvis doveri
POSTED BY PAMUJI IN
Codein
Opioid agonist analgesics. Effect of
codeine codeine occurs when the
agonist binds with opioid receptors
in various places in the central
nervous system. Analgesic effect of
codeine depends on the affinity of
codeine for the opioid receptors.
Codeine may increase the pain
threshold and change the rathe
reaction in the cerebral cortex at that
time accepted the perception of pain
dr thalamus. Codeine is also a work
antitusif yg pd dg central nervous
system suppress cough center.